AnP Revision

Which is the correct path for the movement of air into to the lung once it has entered the oral cavity?

Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar sacs

What is the function of the nasal cilia?

Trap dirt or dust

Which substance is present within the respiratory tract helping to trap unwanted material?

Mucus

Why is the left lung smaller than the right lung?

Allows space for the heart

Which area of the respiratory tract does the exchange of gases take place?

Alveolar sacs

Which of the following describes external respiration?

The exchange of gas between the air in the alveolar sac and the blood

During inhalation the volume of the lung increases. What does this cause the air pressure inside the lung to do?

Decrease

During exercise the respiratory rate increases. Which of the following muscles are classed as "accessory" respiratory muscles and help to increase breathing rate and the force of exhalation?

Internal Obliques

During exercise the respiratory rate increases. Which of the following muscles are classed as “accessory” and help to increase breathing rate and the depth of inhalation?

Scalenes

During gas exchange carbon dioxide arrives at the alveolar sac in which blood vessel?

Pulmonary

Which of the following lung volumes is described as "the volume of air that moves in and out of the lung during each breath"?

Tidal Volume

Which of the following best describes the “number of breaths per minute”?

Respiratory Rate

Which of the following is NOT a short term effect of exercise on the respiratory system?

Increase in VO2 max

Where is the respiratory control centre located?

Pons and Medulla Oblongata

Which of the following is NOT monitored by central or peripheral chemoreceptors?

Partial pressure of nitrogen

What is the correct passage of blood that is returning from the rest of the body to the heart?

Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery

What is the valve that prevents back flow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle?

Bicuspid valve

Which blood vessels carry blood under high pressure?

Arteries

Which of the following is a function of the heart?

Pumps Oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body

What is the largest vein in the human body that returns blood to the heart called?

Vena Cava

Which component of blood is primarily responsible for the transportation of oxygen?

Red blood cells

Which component of blood aids wound healing?

Platelets

What is the watery fluid that makes up the main constituent of blood known as?

Plasma

Which component makes up approximately 44-45% of blood?

Red blood cells

Which component of blood forms part of the immune system?

White blood cells

Which of the following defines blood pressure?

The volume of blood that leaves the heart in a single contraction

What is stroke volume defined as?

The volume of blood that leaves the left ventricle each contraction

Which of the following is a short term effect of exercise on the CV system?

Increase in stroke volume

Which of the following is known as the “pacemaker” of the heart?

Sino-atrial node

During exercise, blood flow to which of the following organs may be reduced to allow redistribution to the working muscles?

Intestinal