the growth of industriallism

flashcards

growth of banking and investment

• the joint lanacashire banking company 1826 → allows for industrialsation to occur

• banking allows for investment within business = higher buisness opportunities, better buisness ops and better econ overall due to it allowing for large project investments to occur

• more money in banks = more money can be taken out in investments

• significance → majorty impact upon the econonmy and growth of infastucutre

• by 1801 there were 800 banks

new industrial middle class

• growth due to change of work from cotage to factory based systems

• enabled through growth of education and not need lots of land

• signifcant economical importance to the industrial trade

• great exhibitions 1851

• key individuals such as richard arkwhite → created the water frame which is the basis for other factories

• between 1816 and 1831 the class grew by 75%

• took advantage of the government lassiez faire attiutude to their own advantage

• e.g repeal of the statue of arifificers

the economical n/s divide

• north = abundance in natural materials to support industralism such coal which lead to urbanisation. but this did have the consqeucne of bringing poverty as well

• south = agarian, less natural resources to bulid industry with, however cities such as bristol profitter of the slave trade

the growth of industrial towns and cities

• major population growth → 1750, 6 million, 1811, 11 million, 1850, 27milliom

• mass migiration towards town and cities with factories

• 1851, there were 29 cities with over 50,000 people

• siginfacnt as it helps to further boost industrialsism but having the workforce amongst the population to drive the captialist movement which required this

government attudies towards industrial development

• lassiez faire attuide → only mainly concered with those whom could make money within the country rather than the workers whom where impacted through expliotation

• adam smiths ‘free trade’ ideology as a dominantor

• however, post 1830’s the government does however begin to create more control e.g within water ownership in 1835, and 1844 railway acts. by supplying some level of control the government in their own self interest were protecting people

• they overall mainly had a apethic attitude towards development, they did have some postivie reactions, but the extent to which they were effective does need to be highlighted

living conditions in industrial town and cities

• urbansations consquence of imploring more poverty.

• bad liviing condtions due to overcrowding of houses which led to diease and poverty occuring, mainly due to tthe growth of overcrowding houses, in 1801 2/3 of bhams population lived in back to back housing

• links to the governement contextual lassiez faire attuide which ment that they had no interesset supporting the poor whatsoever

working conditions

mines

• dangerous st health issues such as death occuring - e.g 1812 12 people died in a mine explostion

• due to open flames and chemicals naturally produced in the mines which lead to explotions → no regulation whatsoever in order to maximise profitis

• davvy lamp was later introduced however

• 1770 - 1850 - coal tones increased by 49 million tones.

factories

• average of 12-15 shillings every week

• conditions were bad, with cramped spaces, limited venetlation and no health and saftey regulation at all

• master and servenet employee and empolyer → 1823 master and servents act

• 10 mins later = 2hrs pay docked

• health issues

• some evidence of reform through saltaire factory which put its people first but only was 1 factory meaning it ha limited influence on changing the system which due to its captialistic nature, relied upon lowley paid and exploitated

the expirence of women in industrial britian

• ideology of seperate spheres of men and women however many wc women took on work in order to support their family

• took on roles all over industry which was further heightned by the napolenic wars

• example of jobs = hurrier in mines

• it was the controversey surronding womens employmenet due to this seperate spheres ideology which had led to a spark of reform occuring

the experience of industrial britian

• by 1821, children made up 49% of the workforce e,g as trappers and chimney sweeps

• prone to expliotation

• work had major impact on them due to bone breaks and lt health issues → this made the government from a more moralistic standpoint want to change the system in order to protect children but also from a more deeper rooted self iterested one they wanted the preseve the future workforce, as employing children in this method was not ovrerally sustaibale

• but children employment also deemed as good as they were learning a trade and supporting the family