histology- reproductive system

vessels, loose CT, smooth muscle

what composes the medulla of the ovaries?

exterior part- cortex

except in horses, they are interior

in what part of the ovary can you find follicles?

the follicles are interior, and the CT and vessels are exterior

(usually, it is the opposite)

what is unique about the ovary of a mare?

the germinal epithelium

what is the most external layer of the ovary?

tunica albuginea

if the germinal epithelium is the most external layer of the ovary, what layer is next?

dense irregular CT

what is the tunica albuginea of the ovary composed of?

follicle protection

what is the function of the tunica albuginea of the ovary?

cortex

ovary- what is 1?

2

ovary- which is the medulla?

germinal epithelium

what is this layer of the ovary?

tunica albuginea

what is this layer of the ovary?

medulla (interior)

as follicles mature, they migrate towards the ______

interior- as they mature, they migrate towards the medulla

do we see more mature follicles at the interior or exterior of the ovary?

cortex

when mature follicles are ready to release the ovum, they migrate towards the_____

the loose CT of the cortex

what allows the migration of the follicles inside the ovary?

primordial and primary

which types of ovarian follicles are more abundant?

primary and primordial

which types of follicles will you find most at the periphery of the ovary?

at the periphery, the primordial follicles form clusters

what is unique about the ovaries of carnivores?

carnivore- the primordial follicles are forming clusters at the periphery

what species might this ovary belong to, and why?

primordial

which are the smallest, most abundant follicles of the ovary?

one layer of squamous cells

primordial follicles have an oocyte that is surrounded by what cells?

primordial- small, one layer of squamous cells surround oocyte

what type of follicle is this?

primary follicle

in what stage of the follicle can we begin to see the zona pellucida?

unilaminar primary- we can see zona pellucida, oocyte surrounded by cuboidal cells

what type of follicle is this?

cuboidal/columnar

what cells surround the oocyte of a primary follicle?

unilaminar and multilaminar

what are the 2 types of primary follicles?

1 cell layers surrounds oocyte

zona pelluucida is visible

what is a unilaminar primary follicle?

2+ layers of cells surround the oocyte

zona pellucida is more visible than unilaminar

describe a multilaminar primary follicle

multilaminar primary follicle- multiple cell layers around oocyte and clear zona pellucida

what type of follicle?

unilaminar primary follicle- one cell layer around oocyte (cuboidal or columnar), slightly visible zona pellucida

what type of follicle?

multilaminar primary follicle- multiple cell layers around oocyte and clear zona pellucida

what type of follicle?

antrum beginning to form between granulosa cells

theca forming externally

follicle has migrated closer to medulla

describe a secondary follicle

secondary follicle- antrum beginning to form between granulosa cells, theca forming externally

what type of follicle?

concentrical layers of squamous cells

what does the theca of a follicle look like?

secondary follicle

what stage of the follicle can you see the theca develop?

secondary follicle

what stage of the follicle can you see the antrum begin to develop?

bigger antrum

oocyte is not central, but is displaced

cumulus oophorus- cells holding oocytes to granulosa cells

corona radiata- granulosa cells surrounding oocyte

what does a graafian follicle look like?

graafian-

oocyte is displaced, large antrum, cumulus oophorus, corona radiata

what type of follicle?

graafian

what stage of follicle has a corona radiata?

graafian

what stage of follicle has a cumulus oophorus?

corona radiata

what is 1?

cumulus oophorus

what is 2?

1

which is the corona radiata?

after the follicle releases its ovum and fluid

when does the corpus luteum begin to form?

scar tissue (loose CT)

after ovulation, _____ forms inside the follicle

albicans, dense CT

the corpus luteum becomes the corpus _______, which is composed of _____

older animals

which animals can you see more corpus albicans in?

the follicles that failed to mature into graafian follicles, and instead just die

what are atresic follicles?

they degenerate and undergo phagocytosis

what happens to follicles that do not completely mature?

an atresic primordial follicle

what is this?

groups of tubules lined by epithelial cells for transport

in the medulla, we also see the rete ovarium- what is this?

in the medulla of the ovaries

where do we find the rete ovarium?

primordial

what type of follicle?

unilaminar primary follicle

what type of follicle?

multilaminar primary follicle

what type of follicle?

primordial follicles

what are these?

secondary follicle

what is 1?

graafian follicle

what is 2?

inactive

is this mammary gland active or inactive?

cuboidal cells surrounding alveoli, lots of CT between alveoli, clear/empty lumen

what does an inactive mammary gland look like?

squamous cells surrounding alveoli, less CT between alveoli, lumen filled with pink

what does an active mammary gland look like?

active

is this mammary gland active or inactive?

1. lipids

2. proteins

3. calcium

what are the components inside an alveoli of a mammary gland?

a teat/nipple

what is this?

duct for transporting alveoli contents (milk)

what is this white space ?

alveoli- components of mammary glands that produce milk

what are these clusters?

inactive

is this mammary gland active or inactive?

inactive

is this mammary gland active or inactive?

active

is this mammary gland active or inactive?

tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea

what are the 2 histological protective layers of the testicle?

dense irregular CT

what composes the tunica albuginea of the testicle?

albuginea

the testicular septums come from the tunica ______

blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

the rete testes is composed of...

mature spermatazoa (sperm cells)

the lumen of the seminiferous tubules contain...

seminiferous tubules of the testicles

what are these?

sertoli cells

what are these?

in between early stages of the spermatazoa in the walls of the seminiferous tubules

where can you find sertoli cells?

sertoli cells

what cells have the function of maintaining the structure of the seminiferous tubules?

early stages of spermatazoa, in the wall of the seminiferous tubules

what are these?

in the walls of the seminiferous tubules, maturing

they are immature spermatazoa

undergoing mitotic divisions

where are spematogenic cells found, and what are they?

the lumen of the seminiferous tubules

spermatazoa are found in...

occupying space between the seminiferous tubules of the testes

where are leydig cells?

leydig cells

what are these?

spermatazoa

what are these linear structures in the testes?

epididymis

what is this?

epididymis

which has a wider lumen- seminiferous tubules or epididymis?

1-2 layers of columnar cells with basal nuclei

wide lumen (with or without spermatazoa)

describe the histological morphology of the epididymis

no

will you find leydig cells in the epididymis?

epididymis

what is this?