CHEM 40A: Biological Molecules

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9 Terms

1
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What are fatty acids composed of?

Hydrocarbon chains terminating with a carboxylic acid

<p>Hydrocarbon chains terminating with a carboxylic acid</p>
2
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What are fats and oils composed of?

Based on glycerols with fatty acids, linked by an ester

<p>Based on glycerols with fatty acids, linked by an ester</p>
3
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What are waxes composed of?

Fatty acid linked to long chain alcohols through ester group

<p>Fatty acid linked to long chain alcohols through ester group</p>
4
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What is an isopropenoid composed of?

Based on a 5 carbon, branched chain building block named isoprene. Isopentenyl diphosphate is the building block molecule for all isoprenoid compounds in nearly all eukaryotes

<p>Based on a 5 carbon, branched chain building block named isoprene. Isopentenyl diphosphate is the building block molecule for all isoprenoid compounds in nearly all eukaryotes</p>
5
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What are monosaccharides composed of?

4-6 carbon molecules with multiple alcohol groups & a single aldehyde OR ketone group

<p>4-6 carbon molecules with multiple alcohol groups &amp; a single aldehyde OR ketone group</p>
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What are disaccharides?

Two monosaccharides linked together

<p>Two monosaccharides linked together</p>
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What are oligosaccharides and polysaccharides?

Longer polymers of monosaccharides

<p>Longer polymers of monosaccharides</p>
8
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What are alpha amino acids composed of?

Carbon bonded to NH2, a COOH, and an R group.

<p>Carbon bonded to NH2, a COOH, and an R group.</p>
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What are peptides and proteins?

Short and long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

<p>Short and long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds</p>