CELL TRANSPORT

Cell membranes are made up of ________ and _________

• protein

• lipids

1. Plant cells have a cell wall

   made of ______

cellulose

The cellulose in plants is _____ in our diet

fiber

They have cell walls but they do not contain cellulse

bacteria and fungi

Cell membranes and cell walls are ______ allowing

water, carbon dioxide, oxygen and nutrients to pass

through easily

porous

Cell membrane separates the ________ of a cell

from its environment—surrounds the cell

components

“Gatekeeper” of the cell—regulates the flow of

materials into and out of cell—_____________

selectively permeable

• Cell membrane helps cells maintain ____________. It is a stable internal balance

homeostasis

A process that does not require energy to move

molecules from a HIGH to LOW concentration

passive transport

3 types of paassive transport

• diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• osmosis

is the movement of small particles across a

selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane

until equilibrium is reached.

diffusion

These particles move from an area of high concentration

to an area of low concentration.

partuicles in diffusion

_________ is the diffusion of water through a selectively

permeable membrane like the cell membrane

osmosis

_____ diffuses across a membrane from an area of high

concentration to an area of low concentration.

water

Semi-permeable membrane is permeable to water,

but not to _______

sugar

is the movement of larger

molecules like glucose through the cell membrane –

larger molecules must be “helped”

facilitated diffusion

Proteins in the cell membrane form _______ for large

molecules to pass through

channels

Proteins that form channels (pores) are called ____________

protein channels

• contain a high concentration of solute

  relative to another solution (e.g. the cell's cytoplasm).

hypertonic solution

When

a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water diffuses

out of the cell, causing the cell to ________

shrivel.

contain a low concentration of solute

relative to another solution (e.g. the cell's cytoplasm).

hypotonic solution

When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the water diffuses

into the cell, causing the cell to ____and possibly ______

• swell

• explode

contain the same concentration of solute

as another solution (e.g. the cell's cytoplasm).

isotonic

• When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, the water diffuses into and

  out of the cell at the ________

• The fluid that surrounds the body cells is _______

• sae rate

• isotonic

• is the movement of molecules from LOW to HIGH

  concentration.

• Energy is required as molecules must be pumped against the

  concentration gradient.

active transport

Proteins that work as pumps are called __________

protein pumps

is the mechanism by which

very large molecules (such as food and wastes) get into

and out of the cell

endocytosis and exocytosis

Food is moved into the

cell by _____________

endocytosis

Wastes are moved out

of the cell by ______________

exocytosis