U02 L03_ Fertilization (Human Phys, S25)

Gametes

Sex cells (reproductive cells) that join during fertilization to produce genetically unique offspring.

Anisogamous

A type of reproduction where the gametes are of different sizes.

Oogamous

A type of reproduction where one gamete is motile and the other is not.

Corona Radiata

Layer of cells that provide nourishment to the egg.

Zona Pellucida

Jelly coat that protects the egg and hardens to prevent polyspermy.

Cortical Granule

Releases enzymes to harden the zona once fertilization occurs.

Acrosome Reaction

The process where enzymes are released to digest the zona pellucida so sperm can reach the egg.

Cortical Reaction

The reaction that occurs after sperm entry and results in the hardening of the zona pellucida to prevent polyspermy.

Fertilization

Occurs in the fallopian tubes, resulting in the formation of a single-celled zygote when the egg is fertilized.

Polyspermy

The condition where multiple sperm fertilize an egg, which is lethal for the egg.