Chemistry - Finals: Vocab and Definitions

needed memorization of essential chemistry vocab terms

Atom

Atom

Smallest particle of an element

Proton

positively charged particle

Neutron

A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge

Electron

negatively charged particle

Nucleus

Center of an atom

Mass (word def.)

how much stuff

Weight

mass affected by gravity

Matter

stuff

Anion

negative ion

Cation

positive ion

Atomic Mass

Number of protons and neutrons

Isotope

atom with same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons

Ion

A charged atom

Density

mass/volume

Temperature

measure of kinetic energy

Kinetic Energy

energy from motion

Potential Energy

stored energy

How do ions form?

Atoms gain or lose electrons

activation energy

energy needed to start a reaction

Ionic bond

metal + non-metal

Covalent bond

non-metal + non-metal

Law of Conservation

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

system

thing you are studying

surroundings

everything outside the system

Endothermic

energy going into system

Exothermic

energy from system going into surroundings

Mass

density/volume

Volume

mass/density