Pesticides exam 3

Water resistant

keeps small amount of liquid from penetrating the clothing

Waterproof

keeps water-soluble materials out (maybe not oil-based products)

Chemical resistant

no movement of pesticide occurs during a specified period of use

Exposure time

how long a material is exposed to pesticide

Air-supplying respirators

provide clean, uncontaminated air from an outside source (tank

Supplied-air respirators

pump clean air through a hose, limits distance applicator can go from air source

Self-contained breathing apparatus

(SCBA)

supplies clean air from cylinders carried by the applicator

Air-purifying respirators

use physical and chemical filters to trap and remove contaminants as they pass through respirator

Air-purifying respirators

• Requires adequate oxygen present

in air

• Can be powered or non-powered

• Dust masks, cartridge-filter masks

fit check

check to make sure respirator forms a complete seal around your face and air cannot leak in or out along the edges

Positive pressure fit check

cover exhalation valve with your hand and exhale

Negative pressure fit check

close off air inlet valves, inhale gently to collapse face piece slightly and hold your breath for 10 seconds

Underdosing

applying too little pesticide, do not fully control the pest

Overdosing

apply too much pesticide, can be expensive

Does not do a better job at controlling the pest

Environmental damage

Personal injuries

It is illegal!

1000 sq ft equals how many acres?

(1000 sq ft = 0.023 acre)

Calibration

the process of measuring and adjusting the amount of pesticide your equipment applies or delivers to a specific area

What are application rates affected by?

1. Travel speed

2. Particle or droplet size

3. Pressure of equipment

Wear rate

how quickly the nozzle

material degrades or breaks down

Wear Rate Rankings:

1. Brass (softest)

2. Nylon

3. Stainless Steel

4. Hardened Stainless Steel

What does a flat fan do?

Herbicides and insecticides

Less product along edges – need foroverlap

What does a hollow cone do?

Insecticides and fungicides

Where you need complete coverage of leaf surface

Fine spray pattern

High pressure – drift more likely

What does a full cone do?

Herbicides

Large particle size

Low pressure – don’t get complete coverage

spill

any accidental release of a pesticide

What are the 3 Cs of spill management

Control, contain, clean up

if a small container spills…

find a bigger container to put it in

if a large container spills…

try to plug

If a spill involves a liquid…

spread non-flammable, absorbent materials (fine sand, vermiculite, clay, pet litter)over the entire spill until it is soaked up

Materials packed in pillows, tubes or pads can be used to surround the spill area

Do not use sawdust or sweeping

compounds (fire hazard)

If a spill involves a dust, WP, or granule

slow the spread by lightly misting the material with water or covering the spill with a tarp or plastic sheet

Use as little water as possible to damp down air-borne particles

Do not soak the pesticide or create runoff

Small spills decontaminated by

Bleach (30%)

OR hydrated lime

Commercial decontamination solution

What do you do if pesticides spill in on the soil (big spills)

Soil:

Remove top 2-3 in

Cover with 2 in lime

2 in of topsoil

What is in a spill kit?

• PPE (goggles, gloves, respirator)

• Containment tubes or pads

• Absorbent materials

• Shovel, broom, dustpan

• Heavy-duty detergent

• Fire extinguisher

• Sturdy plastic container

• Telephone numbers for emergency

Back-siphoning

movement of a liquid pesticide mixture from spray tank through the hose to the water source

sump

area that contains liquid from spills and rinse water that can be transferred to aboveground tanks

Mechanical systems

minimize applicator exposure through a series of connected equipment parts that remove pesticide from its container

Water-soluble packaging

minimize applicator exposure by allowing the handler to place unopened pesticide bag in mixing tank where it dissolves

Enclosed cabs

surrounds the occupant to prevent exposure

What kind of truck beds should pesticides be transported in?

Back of a truck, side or tail racks, steel or plastic-lined beds (instead of wooden)

What should the temperature be like when storing pesticides?

Cool, well-ventilated, control humidity

If product label is removed, what should be on the container?

Common or chemical name, Percentage of active ingredients, EPA registration number, Signal word, Use classification

if the pesticide container is damaged…

1. Contain the leak

2. Transfer chemical to an intact container (NOT a food container)

3. Dispose of old contaminated chemicals

what does Internal risk mean?

employee theft

What is external risk?

theft and vandalism

What are the six pesticide site security steps?

1. Conduct risk assessment

2. Employee training and security awareness

3. Secure buildings and property

4. Secure application equipment and vehicles

5. Protect confidential information

6. Training on pesticide ha

Poison

any substance that can cause illness, harm or death

How can poison inter the body?

Ingested, Inhaled, Absorbed

Toxicity

how poisonous a  substance is

What does dose mean?

how much chemical enters the body

Define “exposure”

Anytime a pesticide gets onto or into the body

What is the definition of hazard? What is the combo that makes it?

is the combo of the toxicity of a pesticide and the exposure to the product

Hazard = Toxicity x Exposure

When is exposure highest?

greatest during mixing/loading because of exposure to the pesticide concentrate

When is pesticide exposure lower?

Exposure during actual application tends to be lower because you are using a dilution

Acute

how poisonous a substance is after a single (or very few) exposure

Chronic

how poisonous a substance is after multiple exposures in low doses over time

What are the primary routes of exposure?

Face, Skin, Eyes, Nose/Lungs

Symptom

problem you can feel

Sign

clue that can be noticed by others

What are the first aid procedures for Nose/Lungs

1. Put on PPE if you are rescuing someone in an enclosed area

2. Carry victim to fresh air

3. Have victim lie down and loosen clothing

4. Keep victim warm and quiet

5. Keep the person’s chin up to ensure air passages are open for breathing

What are the first aid procedures for mouth

If pesticide has NOT been swallowed, rinse mouth with lots of water and drink up to one quart of water or milk. If pesticide HAS been swallowed, you should induce vomiting ONLY if instructed to do so from the label

What are the first aid procedures for Eyes

1. Hold eyelid open and tilt head so water runs from center of the eye outward

2. Drip water across the eye or use eyewash dispenser

3. Rinse for 15 minutes

4. Cover with clean piece of cloth and seek medical attention

What are the first aid procedures for skin

1. Remove contaminated clothing and PPE

2. Rinse the affected area

3. Wash all exposed areas with water and soap (avoid harsh scrubbing)

4. Dry affected area and wrap in loose cloth (esp. for chemical burns – do not use ointment!)