Unit 7 AP CSP

API

The Application Programming Interface for a program or web service defines how other programs can communicate with it and use it.

artificial intelligence

A branch of computer science that works on creating machines and programs that exhibit human-like intelligence.

back propagation

A algorithm that repeatedly adjusts the connections (weights) between the nodes in the neural network

centralized

when the resources and workload are coordinated and managed by a centralized computer (server)

copyright

a legal right that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights for its use and distribution

creative commons

a set of licenses that allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators

CSV

A simple text format for data files is to put each row on a separate line with the column separated by commas.

decentralized

when the allocation of resources and workload are distributed to individual devices on a network

deep learning

A type of very successful machine learning algorithm using neural networks with many layers to learn data representations on its own from massive amounts of data.

DMCA

US copyright law that criminalizes production and dissemination of technology, devices, or services intended to circumvent measures that control access to copyrighted works

DRM

various access control technologies that are used to restrict usage of proprietary hardware and copyrighted works

fair use

limited use of copyrighted material without having to first get permission from the copyright holder

GeoJSON

a standard data file format to represent geographical data.

JSON

a standard data file format used widely on the web where data objects are represented using lists and attribute-value pairs.

machine learning

Algorithms that learn intelligent behavior from lots of training data.

neural network

A computer system modeled on simple neurons in the human brain.

open access

unrestricted access and unrestricted reuse

peer-to-peer

a distributed architecture or network that divides tasks between peers, each of which participate in the application

Big Data

 large enough data sets that are too large to fit in a normal computer

data science

refers to manipulating large data sets to gain information from them

correlation

a statistical measure that indicates that two or more variables fluctuate together

Spreadsheet

document where the data is arranged in rows and columns; used to filter and clean digital data

Metadata

data about data; allows data to be structured and organized for finding, organizing, and managing information

cleaning data

a process that makes the data uniform without changing its meaning

Synchronous data

when the data is accessed immediately

Asynchronous data

storing and retrieving data won’t happen immediately

CloudDB

 web-based database service; shared among users on multiple devices running the same app since it stores data online in the cloud

Overflow

when there are too many bits being stored

Floating-point representation

a number is multiplied by a base thats raised by an exponent

Round off error

difference between exact precise answer and result given by algorithm using exact arithmetic