American Pageant Period 1 (1491-1607)

Study

Over 10,000 years before Columbus, people came to the Americas via the _____

Bering Strait

Native Americans developed a wide variety of social, political, and economic structures based upon _____ & ______

interactions with each other, the environment

Native Americans were very often connected to their ______

relationship with nature

Animisim

belief that nonhuman things (plants, animals) possess a spiritual essence

They developed ____ & ____ that both transformed and adapted to their diverse environments.

different, complex societies

Describe the southwest tribes land and climate and economical and societal culture.

arid land, irrigation, and grew maize

Describe the great plains & basins land and climate and the economical and societal culture.

grasslands, arid, nomadic lifestyle, and hunting buffalo

Describe the Atlantic coast, and northeast tribes land and climate and the economical and societal culture.

forested areas, temperate climate, mixed agriculture and hunter-gatherer and permanent villages.

What were the primary reasons for european colonization?

Gold, God, Glory

Describe what gold, god, glory meant.

Gold meant new wealth; God, the desire to convert natives to Christianity; and Glory, the desire to conquer colonies and increase power and status.

Describe the 1492 turning point.

The arrival of Columbus leading to demographic and social changes.

Describe the Columbian exchange.

Trans-Atlantic exchange of people, disease, food, trade, ideas, between western-hemisphere, Africa, and Europe.

Describe the Treaty of Tordesillas

Agreement between Spain and Portugal dividing the world and dividing the western hemisphere.

Encomienda System

Spanish colonists received land with native people, native slave mining and agriculture.

Catholicism.

Spanish aimed to convert native, (related to the traditions and beliefs of Catholics)

Describe Racial mixing

Racially mixed populations of European, Native, and African.

Describe Native resistance

Attempts to change Native American beliefs led to resistance and conflict.

Describe Pope’s revolt.

In 1680, the revolt led to the deaths of hundreds of Spanish and the destruction of the catholic churches.

Describe what Juan de Supulveda wrote about.

Wrote “Just causes for War Against the Indians” that justified Spanish colonization of the Americas.

Describe what Bartolome de las Casas wrote about.

Published “A short account of the destruction of the Indians” that criticized Spanish treatment of the indigenous people.

Describe England during this time

Protestant England would soon challenge Spanish Colonization of North America

Describe France during this time

France was willing to exploit new world resources and form more complex relationships with indigenous people.