parts of animal and plant cells

Nucleus

Stores genetic information (DNA) and controls the cell's activities, things move in and out

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell that create energy through cellular respiration, have their own DNA

Cytoplasm

The jelly-like substance that fills the cell, where chemical reactions occur

Ribosome

Responsible for making proteins, has two parts called the small and large subunits

Cell membrane

A flexible outer layer that separates the cell from its environment and controls which substances can enter and exit

Nucleolus

Where ribosomes are made, put out the genes in chromosomes

Vesicle

A membrane container, moves material around, are very small

Rough ER

Membrane that is continuous with the nucleus, produces membranes, is like a factory

Golgi body

The proteins are transferred to this and they add things to the proteins

Cytoskeleton

Gives the cell structure, is like a bridge

Smooth ER

Produces a lot of lipids, break down toxins

Vacuole

Found in plant cells, stores water, not usually in animal cells, are large

Cytosol

Dissolved material, have concentration gradients in this area

Lysosome

Known as the “suicide sac”, has digestive enzymes that break things down, digestive enzymes come out and kill it

Centriole

Focusing on the positioning around the cell, plant cells don’t have this

Microtubules

Provide support, maintain cell shape, helps with transporting

Microfilaments

Also provides support and cell shape, difference is that this enables movement

Peroxisome

Fatty acids and amino acids are metabolized to hydrogen peroxide

Cell wall

Provides support and protection

Endoplasmic reticulum

transports proteins and lipids

Chloroplast

Responsible for photosynthesis