who gives a test after winter break

There are two main categories of waves. They are:

longitudinal and transverse

Sound is this type of wave

longitudinal

Light is this type of wave

transverse

The material a wave travels through is called a

medium

The type of wave sound is =

longitudinal

One type of wave has regions of high density air called ____

Compressions

The same type of wave has regions of low density air called ____

Rarefactions

Light is this type of wave.

Transverse

The type of wave that light is has peaks and valleys, not high density and low

density. The peaks are called _______________ and the valleys are called

_______________

crests, troughs

The speed of sound in air is

340 m/s

When like wave parts of waves overlap, they undergo a type of interference called

_______________ interference.

Constructive

When unlike wave parts overlap, it is called _______________ interference.

Destructive

The fact that waves actually can overlap, unlike two solid objects, is proof that waves are not so much things, but disturbances of a medium The term (It's a principle) that describes this fact is called the _______________ principle.

Superposition

All waves have frequency, wavelength, velocity, and periods, it does not matter which type of wave it is. The one that describes the number of waves made each second is the _____________ The one that describes the distance from crest to crest or trough to trough is the _______________

frequency, wavelength

If a wave travels 340m/s and has a wavelength of 4m, its frequency is

85 hertz

Waves have an equilibrium line that runs down their middle (It is easier to see the type of wave light is than the type that is sound. The distance from this midpoint/equilibrium line to the wave's highest point (Or lowest) is called the

amplitude

Frequency is measured in _______________ If the frequency of a wave is 20000 and the wavelength is 2m, its speed is _______________

hertz, 40,000 m/s

When the frequency of a wave gets altered because the object making the sounds OR hearing the sounds is moving, the phenomenon is called the ______

Doppler effect

During the Doppler effect, if the object making the sound is getting closer to the listener, the frequency gets ____

Higher

If the objects in a Doppler effect example are separating, the frequency gets

Lower

A wave that looks like it is standing still but vibrating in place (This is an illusion, it is very much moving) is called a _______________ wave. It possesses parts with minimum amplitude, called _______________ And parts with maximum amplitude called _______________ (the waves created by musical instruments use these waves)

standing, nodes, antinode

A wave takes on a V-shape when the object producing the wave moves _______ than the wave it produces. This V-shaped wave is called a _______________ wave when it's made in water, and a ____________ wave when made in the air.

Faster, bow, shock

When an aircraft moves fast enough to create such a wave in the air, it hurts when you hear it and is called a _______________ When an aircraft travels at a multiple of 340m/s, the speed is described by a single word followed by a number, _______________

sonic boom, mach

The musical term that is used to describe frequency is

pitch

The loudness of sounds is measured in units called _____

decibels

Waves below 20Hz are called _______________ B) Those above 20000Hz are called _______________

Infrasonic, ultrasonic

The speed of sound in a gas depends on _______________ & _______________ B) in solids, it depends on _______________

Temperature, mass of particles, elasticity

From the beats section, when two waves are overlapping, they are called _______________ - it is a super term for it.

Superimposed

Beats are when two different frequency sounds overlap and produce a pulsing sound which has its own frequency. It is called the beat frequency. What is the beat frequency if a 350Hz sound is played with a 345Hr sound? _______________

5 hertz

Some objects (They must be rigid) have a natural frequency. When forced vibrations of one object match the natural frequency of another, ______ happens.

Resonance

Sound is fastest is ( Solids // Liquids // Gases // Vacuums )

Solids

Light is fastest in ( Solids // Liquids // Gases // Vacuums )

Vacuums

Sound can't travel in ( Solids // Liquids // Gases // Vacuums ) but light can.

Vacuums

The consistent back and forth motion of an oscillating wave is called

Simple harmonic motion

The amount of time it takes to generate a complete wave is called the

period (T)

The bending of a waves when it changes speed is called

refraction

A wave bends towards the normal line of the medium in which it travels slower

important to know

What is a normal line?

A line drawn perpendicular to a mirror surface at the location where a ray of light strikes the surface.

The frequency an object vibrates at on its own when you strike it (Like striking a tuning fork) is called the ______

Natural frequency

When forced vibrations on an object match the frequency the object naturally vibrates at, it will vibrate with a large amplitude. This phenomena is called _____

resonance

The (medium // time // frequency) determines the speed of a wave.

medium

If a wave moves 600m/s and its wavelength is 12m, what is its frequency?

50 Hertz

If the period of a wave is 0.25s, what is its frequency?

4 Hertz

Solve this Doppler effect problem: I drive away from you at 80m/s and play a 5000Hz frequency. What frequency do you hear?

4047.6 Hz

Solve this Doppler effect problem: if I stand still and play 5000 Hz music, and you run towards me at 80 m/s, a what is the Fo?

6176.5 Hz

Solve this Doppler effect problem: What if we move towards each other at 80m/s with one person playing 5000 hz music?

8076.9 Hz

Solve this Doppler effect problem: What if we move away from each other at 80m/s each with one person playing 5000 hz music?

3095.2 Hz