Ch9 Factors Affecting Human Health

Flashcards on health, inherited factors, single-gene disorders, multi-gene disorders, personal behaviours, nutrition, exercise, hygiene, substance use, microorganisms, and related topics.

Health

A complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing.

Factors Affecting Human Health

Inherited factors, environmental factors, and personal behaviour.

Inherited Factors

Factors controlled by genes.

Single-gene Disorder

An inherited condition caused by a mutation of a single gene.

Cystic Fibrosis

A condition where the recessive version of a gene causes the production of thick, sticky mucus, leading to infections within the breathing system.

Multi-gene Disorder

A condition caused by multiple gene mutations within the human body.

Cancer

A range of conditions in which cells lose control of how fast and for how long they divide, causing uncontrolled, rapid growth of cells.

Nutrition

The way in which an organism gets its food; needed for energy, growth, repair, and disease prevention.

Balanced Diet

Contains the correct proportion of all 6 nutrients for the individual’s needs.

Macronutrients

Carbs, Protein, and Fats

Micronutrients

Vitamins and Minerals

Water Importance

Helps regulate body temperature, takes part in chemical reactions, and provides a basis for transport systems in organisms.

Positive Effects of Exercise

Reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases and releases endorphins to help reduce stress.

Good Personal Hygiene

Brushing teeth, washing hands, wearing clean clothes, and showering or bathing regularly.

Sleep Importance

Improves concentration, makes us more alert, increases our energy levels, and allows our body to recover and heal.

Negative Effects of Smoking

Increased risk of lung cancer/infections, addiction, and yellow teeth and fingernails.

Negative Effects of Vaping

Lung damage, weakened immune response, and addiction.

Negative Effects of Drug Misuse

Fatal overdoses and withdrawal symptoms.

Negative Effects of Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Weakened immune system, weight gain, and potential addiction.

Microorganisms

Small living things, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

Pathogens

Disease causing microorganisms.

Bacteria

Unicellular microorganisms found everywhere.

Viruses

The smallest type of microorganism that reproduce inside other cells.

Fungi

Microorganisms that can be multicellular or single celled microbes; often look like mould.