AP CSP Chapter 2 Test

Computation, Input, and Output

3 Basic Sequential Operations in pseudocode

Input and Output

What communicates with the outside world pertaining to Sequential Operations

If/than/else

the most common conditional statement

Loop

repetition of a block of instructions

Finite Loop

The loop repeats the instructions until the continuation condition is false, where the loop terminates

infinite loop

A loop in which the terminating condition is never satisfied, and the loop repeats forever

natural language

a complex, but structured language, both written and spoken, that has evolved naturally in humans through use, repetition, and adaptation.

What algorithms can construct

Searching lists, finding maxima and minima, and pattern matching

Pseudocode

A set of English language constructs designed to more or less resemble statements in a programming language but that do not actually run on a computer

Sequential Flow Control in an Algorithm

The algorithm goes from top to bottom (top-down design)

1. Input 2. Computation 3. Output

How does sequential algorithm execute its instructions

High level instructions

Complex instructions composed of many primitives that allow abstraction to occur and can let the programmer focus on other parts of the algorithm

What notation should be used to express algorithms so that they're clear, precise, and unambiguous

What should be considered during the initial phase of design

Abstraction

The separation of the high-level view of an entity from the low-level details of its implementation

pretest loop

a loop whose condition is evaluated before the instructions in its loop body are processed (While/Do statement)

posttest loop

a loop whose condition is evaluated after the instructions in its loop body are processed (Do/While Loop)

Variable

a named storage location that can hold a data value.

High-level programming languages

What kind of languages are Java and C++

Sequential algorithm

An algorithm that executes its operations in a straight line, from top to bottom, without any branching (Straight-line algorithm)

Library

A collection of useful prewritten algorithms that can be used during problem solving

Control operation

Conditional and iterative statements, allow us to alter the normal sequential flow of control in an algorithm

If the continuation condition never becomes false

When can an algorithm fall into an infinite loop

Top-down design

viewing an operation at a high level of abstraction and fleshing out the details of its implementation at a later time

conditional statement

What type of loop is an if/than/else

Counter loop

a loop that uses a counter variable to process the loop instructions a precise number of times

Pattern matching

Process of searching for a special pattern of symbols within a larger collection of information