Upper Extremity/Axial Muscles Review

A series of flashcards reviewing the muscles of the upper extremity, their attachments, actions, innervations, and blood supplies.

What is the proximal attachment of the Trapezius muscle?

Occipital bone, nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7-T12

What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?

Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus

What nerve innervates the Levator Scapulae muscle?

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Where does the Rhomboid Major muscle attach distally?

Medial border of scapula

What is the primary action of the Serratus Anterior muscle?

Protracts scapula

What artery supplies the Pectoralis Major muscle?

Thoracoacromial artery

What is the action of the Deltoid muscle?

Abduction, flexion, extension of arm

Which nerve innervates the Supraspinatus muscle?

Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Where is the distal attachment of the Teres Major muscle?

Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

What is the action of the Subscapularis muscle?

Medial rotation

What action does Biceps Brachii perform?

Flexes elbow, supinates forearm

What is the innervation of the Brachialis muscle?

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6), radial nerve (partial)

What muscle stabilizes the shoulder and flexes the arm?

Coracobrachialis

What is the action of the Triceps Brachii muscle?

Extends elbow

What is the action of the Anconeus muscle?

Assists elbow extension

Which nerve innervates the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?

Median nerve (C6-C7)

What is the blood supply to the Palmaris Longus muscle?

Ulnar artery

What is the action of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?

Flexes, adducts wrist

What joints does the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis flex?

PIP joints

What muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve and assists with wrist flexion?

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (medial part)

What is the distal attachment of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus?

Base of 2nd metacarpal

What is the action of the Extensor Digitorum?

Extends fingers

What is the primary function of the Abductor Pollicis Longus?

Abducts thumb, extends thumb

Where does the Extensor Pollicis Brevis attach proximally?

Posterior radius and interosseous membrane

What do the Lumbricals muscles primarily do?

Flex MCP, extend IPs

Which nerve innervates the Thenar Group of muscles?

Recurrent branch of median nerve

What is the function of the Dorsal Interossei muscles?

Abduct digits

What is the action of the Palmar Interossei muscles?

Adduct digits

What is the blood supply to the Biceps Brachii?

Brachial artery

What structure stabilizes the distal radius/ulna during pronation?

Pronator Quadratus

Which muscle extends the thumb by acting on the IP joint?

Extensor Pollicis Longus

What does the term 'hypothenar' refer to in muscle anatomy?

Muscles of the little finger.

Where does the Flexor Pollicis Longus insert distally?

Distal phalanx of thumb

What is the innervation of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?

Ulnar nerve (C7-C8)

What muscles make up the Hypothenar group?

Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi.

What muscle assists with wrist flexion and mainly acts on the PIP joints?

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

What is the role of the Brachioradialis?

Flexes elbow (mid-pronated)