Chapter 10.2 Catalysts

What is a catalyst?

A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any permanent change itself. It can react with a reactant to form an intermediate or may provide a surface on which the reaction can take place, and it changed the rate by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.

What is a homogeneous catalyst?

A catalyst with the same physical state as the reactants, and reacts with the reactants to form an intermediate

What is a heterogeneous catalyst?

A catalyst with a different physical state to the reactants. They are usually solids in contact with gaseous reactants or reactants in solution. Reactant molecules are absorbed onto the surface of the catalyst, where the reaction takes place. After the reaction, the molecules leave the surface of the catalyst by desorption.

How are catalysts important for sustainability?

Less energy is required for the reaction because of the lower activation energy. This means that less electricity or fossil fuels are used, not only benefiting the environment but also cutting costs and increasing profitability.