Williams unit 2 test

What does Article 5 of the U.S. Constitution provide?

It gives the legislative body the power to make amendments to the Constitution.

What fraction of Congress must propose an amendment?

⅔ of Congress.

What fraction of state legislatures must call a convention to propose an amendment?

⅔ of state legislatures.

What fraction of states must ratify a proposed amendment?

¾ of the states.

What does no amendment to the Constitution allow regarding state suffrage in the Senate?

No amendment can take away a state's equal suffrage in the Senate. 5th admnt

What does Clause 1 of Article 1, Section 9 protect?

It protected the slave trade by prohibiting regulation on the importation of slaves.This was only u til 1808 though

What does Clause 2 of Article 1, Section 9 prohibit?

suspension of habeus corpus

What type of taxes do we have instead of direct taxes?

Indirect taxes on the sale of goods.

What characteristics make Poway desirable to a Republican member of Congress?

It has a stronger Republican voting performance, long-term homeowners, older age, emphasis on traditional family structure, and more military households.

Who is the current Speaker of the House?

Mike Johnson.

How is the Speaker of the House chosen?

From the House of Representatives, elected every 2 years.

What happens if no candidate receives a majority of votes for Speaker?

A revote happens.

What powers does the Speaker of the House have?

Decides which bills come to the floor, controls committee assignments, and rules over debates.

Who is the Senate Majority Leader?

John Thune.

What is the role of the Senate Majority Leader?

Manages the Senate's agenda and legislative flow.

What is required to stop a filibuster?

A cloture requires 16 senators to petition and then needs a ⅗ super majority (60 votes).

What is a filibuster?

A procedural tactic used in the U.S. Senate to delay or block a vote on a bill or nomination.

What does an independent member of Congress need to do?

Choose their party affiliation

What is the role of a party whip?

Secures votes in favor of a party and ensures members vote as the party wants.

What are the two political footballs that are state's rights issues?

Abortion and Free Healthcare.

What did the Dobbs v. Jackson decision change regarding abortion?

Overturned Roe v Wade

What is the status of healthcare rights in the U.S.?

The U.S. does not have a constitutional right to health care.

What do some argue about the U.S. Department of Education?

It isn't necessary because education is a state responsibility.

what would srhs pupils carrying a disabled person up stairs be called

reasonable accommodation

the Indigenous people are the what?

first americans of the western hemisphere

how is king's vision being reflected today

There is increased visibility and influence of diverse leaders in gov. media, and education. Civil rights protections and cultural representation expand opportunity

what begins the legal argument against increasing the scope of gov

states rights

Gerrymandering

Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power. #1 priority of elected officials every 10 years when collecting ethnic data

how many times has pelosi been speaker of house

2

who is the senate majority leader

John Thune (r)

who is the sentate minority leader

Chuck chumer

Senator Rand is a what, according to Trump

RINO (republican in name only)

counties in louisiana

parishes

JD vance

conservative vice president

Tweet

terms used for posts on Truth Social (owned by Trump and Trump Media) and X

Amazon was gonna bring 25000 jobs to queens who stopped it

AOC

Bernie Sanders

A democratic socialist who ran for president in 2016 and 2020

why are newspaper reporters essential to mass media

they are prof members of the press and they provide verified in depth reporting

Mass media

credible and professionally produced for factual reporting

Social media

not verified user generated and opinion-driven

FCC

fedeal communication commision regulayes talk radio and network news

What first provided 24 hour news

satellites and cable distribution

Infotainment

a mix of information and diversion oriented to personalities or celebrities, not linked to the day's events, and usually unrelated to public affairs or policy; often called "soft news" : Daily show by comedy central is an example

California prop 50

Election Rigging Response Act, california ballat measure to replace the state's current congressional district. maps with new ones drawn to increase representation in the house. Response to texas

prop 50 election date

nov. 4th 2025

Prop 50 relevent politicians

Newsom, trump, and David Valadao (seat could be affected) Obama

ICIS

International Consortium of Investigative Journalists is the best NGO news gathering organization in the world

What does the US do every 10 years

consensus to apportion seats in the House to ensure fair representation and accurate federal resource distribution.

what is the best way to persuade a member of congress

right to petition

Speaker of the house

Mike Johnson

How does a house minority leader get their job

secret ballot within their party and chamber

Fillibuster

the use of long speeches to prevent the vote on a bill

cloture

A procedure for terminating debate, especially filibusters, in the Senate. Need 3/5 super majority in senate (60 votes)

party whip

the assistant to the floor leader in each house of congress who tries to persuade party members to vote for bills the party supports

What burrow in NY has highest pop density in USA

manhatten

Zohran Mamdani

Democratic primary and new mayor of NY

Independent is AKA

NPP no party preference

Andrew Cuomo

Him and his brother chris have benefited from nepotism as their faher mario coumo was a 3 term gov of NY. Accused of undercounting the number of covid 19 related deaths in nursing homes. Sexual assault allegations

Curtis Sliwa

Republican Primary in NY mayoral race. Anti crime activitst

Prop 50 is an example of what

direct democracy

New York mayor election is an example of what

representative democracy