2B. SPHERICAL MIRRORS
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19 Terms
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Spherical Mirrors
Curved mirrors that has the curvature of a sphere
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Radius of Curvature
* Tells us @@how far from being flat the mirror is@@
* Same as the @@radius of the hypothetical sphere@@
* Same as the @@radius of the hypothetical sphere@@
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Illustrating Spherical Mirrors
C - Center of Curvature
V - Vertex
F - Focus/Focal point
Principal Axis - horizontal line passing through the center of the mirror
R - radius of curvature
f - focal length (distance between the focus and the vertex)
V - Vertex
F - Focus/Focal point
Principal Axis - horizontal line passing through the center of the mirror
R - radius of curvature
f - focal length (distance between the focus and the vertex)
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Focal length formula
f - 1/2\*R
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Distances in Spherical Mirrors
dₒ - object distance
* distance between the object and the vertex
\
dᵢ - image distance
* distance between the image and the vertex
* distance between the object and the vertex
\
dᵢ - image distance
* distance between the image and the vertex
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Concave Mirror
* Curving inwards
* The inside of the hypothetical sphere is reflective
* %%Curves away%% from the object
* Produces %%more than one kind of image%%
* The inside of the hypothetical sphere is reflective
* %%Curves away%% from the object
* Produces %%more than one kind of image%%
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Ray 1 Diagram
Ray 1 - tip of object to focal point (F)
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Ray 2 Diagram
Ray 2 - bottom to c
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Concave Mirror - Case 1
Location of Object: At Infinity
Location of Image: At F
Type of Image: Real
Orientation of Image: Inverted
Height of Image: Diminished
Location of Image: At F
Type of Image: Real
Orientation of Image: Inverted
Height of Image: Diminished
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Concave Mirror - Case 2
Location of Object: Beyond C
Location of Image: Between C and F
Type of Image: Inverted
Orientation of Image: Diminished
Height of Image: Real
Location of Image: Between C and F
Type of Image: Inverted
Orientation of Image: Diminished
Height of Image: Real
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Concave Mirror - Case 3
Location of Object: At C
Location of Image: At C
Type of Image: Real
Orientation of Image: Inverted
Height of Image: Same as object
Location of Image: At C
Type of Image: Real
Orientation of Image: Inverted
Height of Image: Same as object
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Concave Mirror - Case 4
Location of Object: Between C and F
Location of Image: Beyond C
Type of Image: Real
Orientation of Image: Inverted
Height of Image: Magnified
Location of Image: Beyond C
Type of Image: Real
Orientation of Image: Inverted
Height of Image: Magnified
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Concave Mirror - Case 5
Location of Object: At F
Location of Image: At infinity
Type of Image:
Orientation of Image: No Image
Height of Image:
Location of Image: At infinity
Type of Image:
Orientation of Image: No Image
Height of Image:
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Concave Mirror - Case 6
Location of Object: Between F and V
Location of Image: Behind the mirror
Type of Image: Virtual
Orientation of Image: Upright
Height of Image: Magnified
Location of Image: Behind the mirror
Type of Image: Virtual
Orientation of Image: Upright
Height of Image: Magnified
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Convex Mirrors
* Curving outwards
* The outside of the hypothetical sphere is reflective
* The outside of the hypothetical sphere is reflective
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Convex Mirror - Case 1
Location of Object: Infront of the Mirror
Location of Image: Behind the Mirror
Type of Image: Virtual
Orientation of Image: Upright
Height of Image: Diminished
Location of Image: Behind the Mirror
Type of Image: Virtual
Orientation of Image: Upright
Height of Image: Diminished
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Mirror Equation
1/f = 1/dₒ + 1/dᵢ
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Lateral Magnification
M = -dᵢ/dₒ (distance)
\
M = hᵢ/hₒ (height)
\
M = hᵢ/hₒ (height)
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Magnification Cases
|M| = 1 -- unmagnified (same size as object)
|M| > 1 -- enlarged (larger than object)
|M| < 1 -- diminished (smaller than object)
|M| > 1 -- enlarged (larger than object)
|M| < 1 -- diminished (smaller than object)