World War 1

what were two other names for world war 1

the Great War and the War to End All Wars.

what does the acronym maniac stand for

militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Imperialism, Assassination, and Crisis

what is militarism

the massive build up of armed forces to deter rivals

what is a reason for militarism

a nations armed forces come to dominate its national policy due to the glorification of the military and war itself

what are some examples of militarism

germany built up a big army, britain a large navy

what are alliances

signed treaties in which each nation involved pledges to defend one other if attacked by an agressor

what would happen if two countries went to war

all of europe would be at war

which countries were part of the triple entente

britain, france, and russia

which countries were part of the triple alliance

germany, austria-hungary, italy

what is nationalism

pride and patriotism in one’s nation or ethnic group within a country, belief in national identity

why was nationalism an issue

became agressive and fueled tensions between nations, leading to conflicts and rivalry.

what is an example of nationalism

serbias reaction to austria-hungary

what is imperialism

domination by one country of the political, economic, and cultural life of another country or region.

what are some examples of imperialism

the british colonies, germany

what is assassination

the act of murdering a prominent person usually for political reasons.

what assassination sparked the war

the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

when was the archduke assasinated

On June 28, 1914.

who assasinated the archduke

Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb nationalist.

where was the assasination

Sarajevo, Bosnia, claimed by serbia

what was the crisis

breakdown of diplomacy, outbreak of violence, nations each commit to war

what was the order of wars

a-h declares war on serbia, russia mobilizes to defend serbia, germany mobilizes to defend a-h, germany invades belgium, britain and canada declare war on german

what is mobilization for war

Assembling troops and resources for war

what was the war measures act

an act that gives the federal government emergency powers during wartime, including the right to detain people without laying charges

what is an internment camp

a government run camp where people who are considered a threat are detained

what is the western front

the area of fighting in western europe during the first world war, characterized by trench warfare and inconclusive battles with heavy casualties on both sides

what is the war of attrition

A prolonged conflict where each side seeks to gradually wear out the other through continuous losses of personnel and resources.

what was borden’s troop commitment

25000 troops

what was the role for women

nurses and ambulance drivers

were all welcome in the army

no, they were reluctant to accept aboriginals, africans, and japanese canadians

what happened at valcartier, quebec

A location in Quebec used for military training and mobilization

what is sam hughes remembered for

being in charge of the armament industry, being an ineffective administrator, and creating the ross rifle

what did the war measure act allow

granted government authority to do everything necessary for the security, defense, peace, order, and welfare of canada

what are examples of things allowed by the war measures acts

control of economy, manufacture, trade and transportation, could deny canadians their civil liberties, arrests without charges, internment camps, deportation

how did germany plan to invade france

by invading belgium and luxembourg

what was canadas first battle

the 2nd battle of ypres

when was the 2nd battle of ypres

april 22,1915

which battle did germans start using chlorine gas

2nd battle of ypres

how many canadian casualties were there in the 2nd battle of ypres

6000

why were canadians sent to the 2nd battle of ypres

to stop germans from reaching the english channel

did canadians retreat during the 2nd battle of ypres

no

how did canadians prove themselves as a strong fighting force

by facing mustard gas

what was the second battle canada fought

battle of the somme

when was battle of the somme

july, 1916

who was the commander for the battle of the somme

douglas haig

how many overall casualties were there in battle of the somme

over 1 million

what was the battle of the somme also called

the bloodbath

what was the result of the battle of the somme

no clear victory, only 11km gained

how many canadian casualties were there in battle of the somme

24000

what percent of royal newfoundland regiment suffrered casualties from german machine guns

85%

what was battle of the somme part of

the largest offensive in the war

what was canadas battle plan

sent in strategic offensive positions, known to be good fighters

what was canadas third battle

battle of vimy ridge

when was the battle of vimy ridge

april 9, 1917

how many men were killed or wounded in vimy ridge

3500 men killed, 7000 wounded

why was vimy ridge so important to the war

the largest victory of the war up to that date

what contributed to the victory at vimy ridge

efficient planning and training

what campaign was the battle of vimy ridge part of

battle of arras

how did canada win vimy ridge

successfully captured strategic position after france tried 3 times

why was vimy ridge momentous for canada

the first time all 4 canadian divisions fought together

who led vimy ridge

general byng

who planned vimy ridge

arthur currie

what was canadas last battle

passchendaele

when was passchendaele

october 26,1917

what was bad about the terrain in passchendaele

mud was so bad that men and horses drowned in it

who won passchendaele

allies

how many soldiers were lost on both sides of passchendaele

nearly half a million

what campaign was passchendaele part of

3rd battle of ypres

how many canadian lives were lost in passchendaele

15000

who led passchendaele

arthur currie

why is arthur currie important

first canadian to command our troops

who agreed and didn’t agree with passchendaele

currie warned of slaughter but haig insisted

what did pilots do in the beginning of the war

reconaissance, photographing and reporting on enemy troop movements

what did pilots do near the end of the war

drop bombs on enemies and fire at each other

did canada have an air force

no they joined the british royal flying corps

who was the war at sea between

britain and germans

what did britain ask canada to do for war at sea

contribute its naval forces

who and when was the naval services act introduced

wilfrid laurier

what did the naval services act do

authorized the building of canadian warships

who controlled canadian boats

canadians, but turned over to britain if war broke out

what did the war at sea cause within canada

tensions between english and french canadians

who was prime minister of canada

robert borden

who was the leader of germany

kaiser wilhelm ii

who was the leader of america

woodrow wilson

who was the leader of britain at the end

david lloyd george

who was the leader of france

georges clemenceau

who was the leader of russia

nicholas ii

who was the leader of belgium

albert i

who was the king of the uk

george v

who was the prime minister of britain in the beginning

hh asquith

who was the leader of austria hungary

franz josef habsburg i

what is a convoy

a group of ships travelling together protected by an armed force

what are conscientious objectors

a person who opposes war for religious or moral reasons

what was the military voters act

an act that allowed men and women serving overseas to vote

what was the wartime elections act

an act that gave the vote to women related to servicemen, but cancelled the vote for conscientious objectors and immigrants

what commodities were important for the war effort

Lumber, nickel, copper, lead, wheat, lead

How did the role and rights of women change during WWI

women were now able to do jobs that men used to exclusively do. domestic work to industry running farms and operating fishing boats

when did each province give women the right to vote

maitoba 1916, alberta and saskatchewan 1916, bc and ontario 1917

when did women get federal vote

1918

when was the halifax explosion

december 6, 1917

what happened during the halifax explosion

mont blanc was loaded with dynamite was struck by norwegian ship imo and exploded