APUSH Unit 8

Which of the following is true of the Korean War?

It ended in stalemate.

Besides giving educational benefits to returning veterans, what was the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 (the GI Bill of Rights) intended to do?

Prevent returning soldiers from flooding the job market

During the Yalta conference, why were the Soviets promised holdings in Asia?

Because President Franklin Roosevelt was counting on the Soviets to help the United States defeat Japan

Who were the two candidates in 1948 who broke away from the Democratic Party and joined Republican Thomas Dewey in challenging President Truman?

South Carolina Governor Strom Thurmond and former Vice President Henry Wallace

All of the following are true about the United Nations except:

Its General Assembly is controlled by the Big Five powers.

Which statement applies to the United States' participation in NATO?

It marked a dramatic departure from traditional American isolationism.

What was one leading cause of the post-World War II economic boom?

Cheap energy

How did the federal government play a large role in the growth of the Sunbelt?

Its financial support of industries in the area

This propaganda poster gives the viewer a glimpse across the Iron Curtain, to portray the Soviet side of the Cold War. Even without being able to read the Russian language, some of the concerns of the Soviet establishment in the period following World War II can be gleaned from a view of the image alone.

What, according to the image, was an anxiety of the Soviet establishment?

American airpower.

This propaganda poster gives the viewer a glimpse across the Iron Curtain, to portray the Soviet side of the Cold War. Even without being able to read the Russian language, some of the concerns of the Soviet establishment in the period following World War II can be gleaned from a view of the image alone.

What reasonable conclusion can be drawn from the image about the Soviet view of America?

The United States uses the language of peace to conceal darker intentions.

All of the following were true of the Allied approach to postwar Germany except:

Eventually, all of the Allied powers recognized the reality that an industrial, healthy German economy was indispensable to the recovery of Europe.

What did the invasion of North Korea into South Korea on June 25, 1950, prompt?

A massive expansion of the U.S. military

This propaganda poster gives the viewer a glimpse across the Iron Curtain, to portray the Soviet side of the Cold War. Even without being able to read the Russian language, some of the concerns of the Soviet establishment in the period following World War II can be gleaned from a view of the image alone.

How does the poster indicate America is extending its influence?

Through money, military, and the media.

What mistake did U.S. General Douglas MacArthur make during the Korean War?

He ignored predictions of a Chinese intervention.

Which of the following was established at the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944?

The International Monetary Fund

All of the following were true of the growth of American suburbs except:

Government policies in the United States discouraged movement away from urban centers.

The Marshall Plan's economic success helped to halt the growth of large and powerful Communist parties in which countries?

France and Italy

In an effort to detect communists within the federal government, what did President Harry Truman establish?

The Loyalty Review Board

True or False: Unions gained power during the late 1940s and early 1950s...

False

The ideas expressed in the advertisement overlook which of the following contexts that allowed for the expansion of new suburban housing developments in the 1950s?

The reliance on new roads and highways

True or False: The U.S. population shifted toward the South and West during the mid-twentieth century...

True

The above cartoon depicts what was commonly referred to in its time as which of the following?

Iron Curtain

True or False: The GI Bill helped prevent an economic downturn following the end of World War II.

True

The Berlin Airlift arose out of a unique post World War II situation, in which the major powers had agreed to

divide Germany and Berlin into zones of east-west occupation

Which of the following best explains a limitation of the incentives expressed in the advertisement?

Many new suburban housing developments of the 1950s practiced racial segregation.

In 1950 a major factor in President Harry Truman's commitment of American troops to combat North Korean aggression was a desire to...

overcome the stigma that the Democratic party had "lost" China to communism.

Which of the following statements about the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) is most accurate?

It was used as a tool to fuel anticommunist sentiment.

The advertisement best provides evidence for which of the following developments in the 1950s?

The increase in homogeneity in postwar society

The ideas in the advertisement most likely had limited appeal for which of the following groups?

Rebellious young people uncomfortable with conformity

Which of the following was most responsible for bringing to an end Senator Joseph McCarthy's anticommunist campaign?

Television audiences witnessed his manner of leveling unsubstantiated charges.

Which of the following answers best describes the Warsaw Pact?

A treaty organization formed by the Soviet Union in order to counter the threat of NATO.

Joseph McCarthy's investigative tactics found support among many Americans because...

there was widespread fear of communist infiltration of the United States

The policy which dictated United States foreign policy after World War II was primarily...

containment

\["I HAVE HERE IN MY HAND" - A 1945 Herblock Cartoon] The cartoon above refers to which of the following political figures?

Joseph McCarthy

The division of Germany following WWII was based on the results agreed upon at which of the following major conferences?

The Potsdam Conference.

What was significant about the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of education of Topeka, Kansas?

It abolished racial segregation in public schools.

Why did American military forces enter Vietnam?

To prevent Ngo Dinh Diem's regime from falling to the communists

This photograph, taken in 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama, is a revealing record of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 60s. Without knowing much else about the context of the image, viewers can infer much about the methods of and reactions to the protests.

What does this image reveal about the reaction to the protests?

Birmingham used all resources at its disposal to crush the protests.

Why did the planned 1960 summit between President Eisenhower and Soviet Premier Khrushchev collapse?

An American spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union.

In the 1960 presidential election, what was Senator John Kennedy strongly attacked for?

His Roman Catholicism

When did American and world public opinion turn strongly in favor of the civil rights movement?

When Martin Luther King's peaceful demonstrators were attacked in Birmingham

Vice-presidential candidate Richard Nixon gave a nationally televised address in 1952 in response to allegations of what?

He had accepted illegal donations.

This photograph, taken in 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama, is a revealing record of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 60s. Without knowing much else about the context of the image, viewers can infer much about the methods of and reactions to the protests.

What is a reasonable inference that can be made about the protesters, based on the image alone?

The power of their movement relied on inspiring outrage outside of Birmingham.

What does the title of Ralph Ellison's novel Invisible Man refer to?

An African American whose supposed supporters are unable to see him as a real man

What was the primary reason President Eisenhower backed the Federal Highway Act of 1956?

He believed the roads were essential to national defense.

When did the Bay of Pigs invasion fail?

When the anti-Castro exiles were defeated by the Cuban military

How did the United States first become involved in Vietnam?

Providing economic aid to the French colonialists fighting Ho Chi Minh

What new technology was crucial to the development of consumerism in the 1950s?

Television

All of the following are true about the economic boom in America after World War II except:

It was an industrial economy.

This photograph, taken in 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama, is a revealing record of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 60s. Without knowing much else about the context of the image, viewers can infer much about the methods of and reactions to the protests.

What reasonable conclusion can be drawn from the image about the view of the majority of white Birmingham citizens, based on the image?

They saw the protesters as criminals.

Rock 'n' roll combined which two musical styles?

Blues and bluegrass

What was the essential purpose of President Kennedy's promise to land a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s?

To restore American prestige in the space race damaged by the Soviets' Sputnik

Where did the CIA stage a coup to depose a native leader during the 1950s?

Iran

Who was the catalyst to the beginning of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Rosa Parks

Which of the following statements about the 1950s is correct?

The American population grew significantly during the 1950s.

Which of the following Supreme Court decisions did Brown v. Board of Education overturn?

Plessy v. Ferguson

The United States' involvement in Vietnam increased dramatically in the 1950s with the withdrawal of the...

French

Which of the following were consequences of the U.S. transition from an industrial to a service-based economy?

The growing white-collar sector created new employment opportunities for women.

Which of the following answers best describes the symbolism of the above cartoon?

Segregated schools were the last vestige of slavery.

The rock 'n' roll of Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, and the Rolling Stones derived primarily from...

African American rhythm and blues

Which of the following answers best describes the lasting impact of the Brown v. Board of Education case?

It began the period of history that is commonly referred to as "the Civil Rights Era."

The unanimous Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education Topeka stated that segregated schools were unconstitutional because...

separation of students based solely on race constituted inherently unequal treatment.

The Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka directly contradicted the legal principle established by...

Plessy v. Ferguson.

What conclusions about school segregation in 1954 can be drawn from the map above?

School segregation was a national problem, not one confined to a single region

Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis?

President Kennedy launched the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba

Which of the following best characterizes the military-industrial complex in the decade following Eisenhower's speech?

The concerns about the military and industry largely persisted.

Which of the following most directly contributed to the developments Eisenhower warned "we must guard against"?

The growth of the nuclear arsenal

"I submit that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to rouse the conscience of the community over its injustices, is in reality expressing the very highest respect for the law."
The quotation above is from...

Martin Luther King Jr.

Students staged a sit-in in Greensboro, North Carolina, in 1960 to protest...

segregation of public facilities.

The Supreme Court case, Brown v. Board of Education, ruled that which of the following applied?

According to the 14th Amendment, separate but equal could never be equal.

All of the following were true of President Johnson's approach to domestic ramifications of Vietnam except:

When Defense Secretary McNamara expressed increasing discomfiture at the course of events, he was quietly eased out of the cabinet.

The central point of the 1960s cartoon above ["onwards and upwards!"] was that...

the cost of the Vietnam War limited the President's ability to carry out domestic programs

In the early 1960s, Malcolm X challenged the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr., in the Civil Rights movement by arguing that...

African Americans must defend themselves against racism by using violence if necessary

Where did Senator Barry Goldwater's only votes in the electoral college in 1964 come from?

His native Arizona and five other states in the racially restless South

The Immigration Act of 1965 shared a common goal with which of the following other federal government policies at the time?

Expanding protections for African Americans

In this demonstration on April 23, 1971, eight hundred veterans threw away their Purple Hearts, Bronze Stars, Silver Stars, and other military honors in front of the U.S. Capitol. The symbolism of the image is rich and layered and can be decoded with a close look at the picture.

What does the pile of medals at the foot of the statue symbolize for the soldiers?

A rejection of the concept of military honor in Vietnam.

During the 1960s, sit-in demonstrations were first effectively used by...

college students working with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

The cartoon ["the strategists"] was primarily a response to the...

growing debate over the Vietnam War

Which of the following was not among the major laws that were part of Lyndon Johnson's Great Society?

National health insurance for all workers

In this demonstration on April 23, 1971, eight hundred veterans threw away their Purple Hearts, Bronze Stars, Silver Stars, and other military honors in front of the U.S. Capitol. The symbolism of the image is rich and layered and can be decoded with a close look at the picture.

What can be inferred about the U.S. military in the Vietnam War years?

The military was racially integrated.

What was the military event that turned large sectors of American public opinion against the Vietnam War?

The Tet offensive

In this demonstration on April 23, 1971, eight hundred veterans threw away their Purple Hearts, Bronze Stars, Silver Stars, and other military honors in front of the U.S. Capitol. The symbolism of the image is rich and layered and can be decoded with a close look at the picture.

What reasonable conclusion can be drawn from the image about the protesters?

They are not ashamed of their service.

The Civil Rights movement of the late 1960s was characterized by which of the following?

A growing split between those who advocated nonviolence and those who favored more aggressive tactics to achieve civil rights

All of the following were true of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 except:

The act ended discrimination and oppression overnight.

In Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court ruled that...

arrested persons must be informed of their rights

One way in which immigration policy in the 1960s differed from immigration policy enacted in the 1920s was that legislation in the 1960s...

loosened restrictions on immigration on the basis of national origin

The major objective of the antipoverty programs of Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society was to...

break the cycle of poverty among poor people through education and job training

The Six-Day War was a military conflict between whom?

Israel and its Arab neighbors

Accounts of North Vietnamese torpedo-boat attacks on United States destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin during the summer of 1964 were used to justify which of the following United States actions in Vietnam?

Escalation of the American war effort

What did the Supreme Court rule in the cases of Escobedo and Miranda?

Accused criminals have the right to remain silent

What made Richard Nixon a strong Republican candidate in the election of 1968?

He appealed to both party moderates and conservatives.

The image most closely reflects which of the following developments in the political climate in the United States?

A growing public debate over the merits and rationale for the Vietnam War

Kent State University was the site in 1970 of which of the following events?

An antiwar demonstration in which four students were killed by members of the National Guard

All of the following are true of the era of detente except:

It sped up the arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union.

All of the following are true of the Democratic candidate for president in 1972 except:

He was backed by the traditional working-class backbone of his party.

The Stonewall Rebellion was sparked by what?

An attack on gay men

What did America's strong support for Israel in the 1973 Arab-Israeli War lead to?

An OPEC oil boycott of the United States and a subsequent energy crisis and recession

The festival near Woodstock, New York, in 1969 is most closely associated with the...

counterculture

U.S. involvement in Vietnam during the mid-1960s resulted in which of the following?

A strain on U.S. diplomatic relations with other nations

What was the ultimate goal of President Nixon's Vietnamization policy?

To enable the South Vietnamese to fight their own war