M7 HORIZONTAL FRAMING

Floor system

Beam, girder, and floorslab

Scab

Short flat piece of lumber

Fish plate

Wood or metal piece to fasten

Splice plate

Metal plate used for fastening

Cogged joint

Carpentry joint by two uneven timbers

Notching

Usually meeting or crossing at right angles

Crosslap joint

Half thickness of each is cut so that the thickness will be the same as that of each member

Square splice

Resist tension

Briddle joint

Two tounge project from the sides of the tenoned member

Tenon

Projecting end of a poece of wood

Yacal

Lumber preferred when in contact with concrete

Board foot

Volume of a pice of wood

Boliden salt

Treatment in wolmanized lumber

Dap

Noth in a timber

Dado

Groove cut across full width of a piece of wood

Solignum

Anti termite surface application

Floor framing

Platform structure of the building

Live load

Movable load

Dead load

Static load

Types of material

Choice from variouse construction material

Sizing and spacing

Depend upon strength and capability to carry

Span of the supports

Distances between the posts, columns or supporting walls

Girder

Principal beam extending from wall to wall

Sill

Side of house rest horizontally upon the foundation

Floor joist

Placed on girders where floor boards are fastend

Header

Support end of the cut off joist at a stair hole

Trimmer

Carries end portion if header

Flooring

Tounge and groove

Tail beam or tail piece

Supported by header joist

Ledger strip

Seat for the joist

Draftstop plate

Dress up the edge of the joist

Sole plate

Base for the studs

Sill plate

Bottom of the frame of a wood structure which rest on the foundation

Top plate

Upper portion of the studs in a stud partition

Cripple stud

Structural element that is shorter than usual, stud above and below opening

Block or solid bridging

Fixed vertically between floor joist to stiffen

Cross bridging

Diagonal bracing in pairs to prevent joist from twisting

Hanger or stirrup

Metal seat attached to a girder to recieve and support joist

Balloon framing

Construction has studs continuous to roof

Western framing

Has sub floor extended to the outer edge of the frame, provide a flat work surface at each floor

Slab

Upper part of reinforced concrete floor

One way solid slab and beam

Solid slab supported by two parallel beams

Two way solid slab and beam

Slabs supported on four sides

Ribbed floors

Economical type of floor construction but is applicable only toedium span with light and medium load

Flat slab or girder less

Slab directly supported by columns without beams or girders

Beam/girders

Structural members, resting on support at its end

Girder

Relatively heave member spanning between walls, piers or columns normally suppirting walls, beams, or joists

Beam

Somewhat lighter member spanning between girders, walls, piers, or columns

Joist

Lightedt of all horizontal members, which are used at a comparatively close spacing

Simple beam

Beam having Single span with a suppirt at each end

Continuous beam

Beam resting more than two support

Semi continuous beams

Beam with two span with or without restraint at two extreme ends

Cantilevered beam

Beam Supported at one end only or they maybe that portion of beams projecting beyond one of its support

T beam

When floor slabs and beams are poured with concrete simultaneously producing monolithic structure

Plate girder

Beam composed of a wide plate(web) at the top and bottom

Box girder

Built up beam in which more than one web plot is used

1.10

Minimum width of stair slab

18cm

Max rise of stair step

25cm

Minimum tread

3.60

Mac height of straight flight landing

Environmental load

Consist of wind pressure and suctions, earthquake, rainwater on flat roof etc.

Shear

External forces act upon the structure causing adjacent sections of a member to slip form each other

Strength

Cohesive power of materials

Ultimate strength

Maximum unit of stress

Moment

Tendency of a force to cause rotations

Strain

Kind of alteration or deformation

Stress

Pressure of load, weight, and some adverse forces or influences

Bearing wall

Wall on whic euther the floor or roof construction rest

Curtain wall

Enclosing wall of an iron or steel framework or the non bearing portion of an enclosing wall

Foundation wall

Portion of an enclosing wall below the first tier of joints

Retaining wall

A wall whose purpose is to resist the thrust of a bank of earth or other materials

Spandrel wall

Space between any arch and the beam over the same

Breast wall

Built to prevent the fall of earth in its undisturbed natural position

Wall footing

Strip reinforced concrete wider that the wall which distributes the loads to the soil

Retaining wall

Hold back masses of earth or other loose materials

Gravity wall

Its weight alone resist the thrust of the earth

Cantilever wall

Makes use of the earth in resisting tendency to overturn

Counterfort wall

Vertical wall is tied to the base at regular intervals