Bio final quiz with Chong

Darwin's Four Pillars

Overproduction, genetic variation, survival of the fittest, differential reproduction.

Darwin's Hypothesis

Descent with modification through natural selection.

Convergent Evolution

Occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits.

Artificial Selection

Occurs when human actions influence the traits of organisms.

Homologous Structure

Structures with a common ancestry.

Analogous Structure

Structures with similar functions but different evolutionary origins.

Vestigial Structure

Structures that have lost their original function.

Macro vs Micro Evolution

Macro leads to new species, while micro is changes within a species.

Gene Pool

Represents the total genetic diversity in a population.

Genetic Drift

Random changes in gene frequencies in small populations.

Gene Flow

Transfer of genetic material between populations.

Founder Effect

Occurs when a small group establishes a new population.

Reproductive Isolation

Prevents interbreeding between different species.

Divergent Evolution

Common ancestry followed by divergence into different species.

Punctuated Equilibrium

Evolutionary changes occur rapidly after a catastrophe.

Co-Evolution

Two or more species influencing each other's evolution.

Gradualism

Theory that changes in organisms and Earth occur gradually.

Evolution

Change in allele frequencies over time.

Mechanisms of Evolution

Genetic Drift, Non-Random Mating, Mutation, Gene Flow, Natural Selection/Adaptation.