Math vocab Chapter 5

alternate exterior angles

Exterior angles that lie on opposite side of the transversal.

alternate interior angles

Interior angles that lie on opposite side of the transversal.

converse

The converse of a theorem is formed when the parts of the theorem are reversed.

corresponding angles

Angles that are in the same position on two parallel lines in relation to a transversal.

deductive reasoning

A system of reasoning that uses facts, rules, definitions, or properties to reach logical conclusions.

Distance Formula

The distance between two points with coordinates (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂) is given by the formula d= √(x₁ - x₂)² + (y₁ - y₂)² .

equiangular

A polygon in which all angles are congruent.

exterior angles

The four outer angles formed by two lines cut by a transversal.

formal proof

A two-column proof containing statements and reasons.

hypotenuse

The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle.

informal proof

A paragraph proof.

interior angle

an angle inside a polygon

interior angles

The four inside angles formed by 2 lines cut by a transversal

legs

The two sides of a right triangle that form the right angle.

paragraph proof

A paragraph that explains why a statement or conjecture is true.

parallel lines

Lines in the same plane that never intersect or cross

perpendicular lines

Two lines that intersect to form right angles.

polygon

A simple, closed figure formed by three or more line segments.

proof

A logical argument in which each statement that is made is supported by a statement that is accepted as true.

Pythagorean Theorem

In a right triangle, the square or the length of the hypotenuse c is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs a and b. "a² + b² = c²".

regular polygon

A polygon that is equilateral and equiangular.

remote interior angles

The angles of a triangles that are not adjacent to a given exterior angle.

theorem

A statement or conjecture that can be proven.

transversal

A line that intersects two or more other lines.

triangle

A figure formed by three line segments that intersect only at their endpoints.

two-column proof

A formal proof that contains statements and reasons organized in two columns. Each step is called a statement, and the properties that justify each step are called reasons.

inductive reasoning

Reasoning that uses a number of specific examples to arrive at a prediction. Conclusions arrived by inductive reasoning lack logical certainty of those arrived at by deductive reasoning.