APES Impacts of Overfishing and Mining

5.8 APES video

Fishery collapse

• populations may not recover

• when overfishing causes 90% population decline in a fishery

• Low genetic diversity

• lost income for fisherman

Bottom Trawling

Dragging a net in the bottom of the ocean

• catch bycatch (dolphins, whales, turtles)

• increases turbidity (hard for photosynthesis organisms)

• destroy coral reef structures

• decrease biodiversity (destroy habitats and kill bycatch)

ore

a commercially valuable deposits of a specific raw material like metals

metals

elements that conduct electricity, heat and heave structural properties for building

Reserves

The known amount go resources left that can be mined

Overburden

soil, vegetation, and rocks that aer moved to bet to the ore deposit

Tailing and slags

Leftover waste material (contaminate body of waters near by) \

Open pit mining

digging a pit into the ground then piling the overturn on the side

Place mining

• done in a smaller scale

• a sieve and shaking of out settlements

Strip mining

peeling back or digging back overburden layer

Mountain top removal

• mos destructive

• explode the top on the mountain (erosion, deforestation, biodiversity lost, increase stream turbidity)

Subsurface mining

• more expensive (work more to workers for health insurance)

• Poorly ventilates leading to toxic gases

• mining collapse

• lung cancer

• explosions

acid mine drainage

• rain will leak into the mine and mix with an elements that the rock has exposed

• When wateriness with pyrite

• water + pyrite = acidic acid

• lead to dead aquatic life

Mathane realese

• coal has Methane that needs to be released in order to not explode

• climate change

mine reclamation

• process of restoring mine to original state

• filling of empty mine

• restoring original contours of land

• return top soil but remove the toxic metals

• replant with native plants to return native species

aquaculture benefits

• small amount of water, space, and furl used

• reduce risk of fishery collapse

• doesn’t take space on land

aquaculture negative

• high density of waste concentration

• high disease outbreak risk that can be spread to wild population

• GMO fishes may escape and bread with wild populations

• antibiotics use —> contaminate the water