integrated metabolism postabsorptive+ fasting+ starvation state

what is the major source of glucose in the first phase of postabsorptive state?

liver glycogenolysis

what is the major source of glucose in the second phase of postabsorptive state?

gluconeogenesis and lipolysis in an overnight fast

precursors of gluconeogenesis in postabsorptive state

1. lactate (from erythrocytes, exercising muscle),

2. glucose-alanine cycle

precursors for gluconeogensis in fasting state?

1. amino acids from muscle protein breakdown

2. glycerol from lipolysis

3. lactate from anaerobic metabollism

major fuel provider in starvation state

fat stores

precursors for gluconeogenesis in starvation state

glycerol from lipolysis and lactate

kidney produces … which neutralizes ketosis

NH3 (ammonia)