anaphy lab 7

ERYTHROCYTES

TDisk-shaped with thick edges

Hemolysis

occurs when red blood cells rupture and the hemoglobin is released into the plasma

Granulocytes

contain granules.

Neutrophils

most common

Eosinophils

reduce inflammation

Basophils

least common

Agranulocytes

no granules

Monocytes

largest WBCs

Macrophages

chronic infection

Lymphocytes

immune response; lead to production of antibodies

THROMBOCYTES

Small fragment of cell

Epicardium

surface of the heart (outside)

Myocardium

thick, middle layer composed of cardiac muscle

Endocardium

smooth inner surface

ATRIA

Upper portion; holding chambers

Interatrial septum

separates right and left atria

Interventricular septum

separates right and left ventricles

Pulmonic valve

base of the pulmonary trunk

Aortic valve

base of the aorta

PULMONARY CIRCUIT

Carries blood from the heart to the lungs

Superior vena cava

drains blood above the diaphragm

Inferior vena cava

drains blood below the diaphragm

Coronary sinus

drains blood from myocardium

Right Ventricle

opens into pulmonary trunk

Pulmonary trunk

splits into right and left pulmonary arteries

Pulmonary arteries

carry blood away from the heart to the lungs

SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT

Carries blood from the heart to the body

Left ventricle

opens into the aorta; thicker

Aorta

carries blood from the LV to body

Coronary Arteries

supply blood to the heart

Left coronary Artery

supply blood to the anterior heart wall and left side

Right Coronary Artery

supply blood to right ventricle

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

heart's primary pacemaker

Left & Right Bundle Branches

two branches of conducting tissues; carry impulses

Purkinje fibers

final spreaders of the impulse

P wave

atrial depolarization

QRS Complex

ventricular depolarization

T wave

ventricular repolarization

U wave

may reflect Purkinje fiber repolarization; seen in hypokalemia

Blood pressure

force exerted by circulating blood against artery walls as the heart pumps

Systolic Pressure

pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts

Diastolic Pressure

pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats

Blood vessels

hollow tubes that conduct blood through the body

Arteries

carry blood away from the heart

Veins

carry blood toward the heart

Capillaries

connect arteries to veins; thinnest and most common blood vessel