ideology

what is an ideology?

an organised set of related ideas that modify one another

a political belief system

functions of ideology

helps make sense of things

affects how we see things

can itself be affected by societal developments

political communication device

origins of liberalism

reaction to feudalism and absolutism

changes in economic organisation

Locke’s Two Treatises 1689

core components of liberalism

freedom of speech, religion, press …

limitations of government power

democracy

origins of conservatism

reaction to upturn of traditional social order

reaction to liberalism

core components of conservatism

order, tradition, religion

status quo/slow change

community over the individual

more accepting of power and authority

origins of socialism

Industrial Revolution and labour movement

broad variety of subtypes

core components of socialism

social class as key concept

driven by class struggles

capitalism

social ownership of the means of production

origins of social democracy

gradual and democratic approach towards achieving socialism

core components of social democracy

mixed economy

democratic capitalism

improvements for working class

expansion of the welfare state

origins of christian democracy

christian social teachings

core components of christian democracy

centrist economic policies

mixture of liberal ideas and support of the welfare state

socio-culturally conservative