Biopsychosocial Model and Research Designs

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the Biopsychosocial model and various research designs in psychology, focusing on definitions, explanations, and applications.

What does the Biopsychosocial model propose about psychological health and illness?

It states that psychological health, illness, treatments, and factors are affected and/or caused by the interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors.

What are the three components of the Biopsychosocial model?

Biological, psychological, and social components.

What role do neurotransmitters play in the Biopsychosocial model?

They are chemical messengers used by neurons to communicate information, affecting motivation, pleasure, and physiological responses.

How can fear affect physiological responses in a person?

Fear can trigger the flight or fight response, leading to increased heart rate, pupil dilation, perspiration, and heavy breathing.

What are biological factors in the Biopsychosocial model?

Biological factors include hormones, disease, age, sex, medication/drugs, alcohol, immune response, sleep, and physiological responses.

What influences psychological factors according to the Biopsychosocial model?

Psychological factors include cognition, memory, emotions, attitudes, perceptions, beliefs, and attention.

How do social components influence an individual’s behavior?

Social components include cultural values, religion, family background, socio-economic status, gender expectations, interpersonal relationships, and social media.

What is the purpose of the scientific method in psychology?

It is a systematic approach for planning, conducting, and reporting research that involves collecting empirical evidence.

What types of research designs are commonly used in psychology?

The three main types are experimental, observational, and qualitative designs.

What is the difference between independent groups design and repeated measures design?

Independent groups design uses different participants in each group, while repeated measures design uses the same participants across all conditions.

What is an extraneous variable?

An extraneous variable is any variable that is not the independent variable but could affect the results of the experiment.

What is the purpose of random sampling in research?

Random sampling ensures that every person in the population has an equal chance of being selected in the sample.

What is the significance of validity in psychological research?

Validity refers to the accuracy of a research study in measuring what it claims to measure and the extent to which results can be generalized to the broader population.

What is the difference between internal and external validity?

Internal validity refers to whether effects observed in a study are due to the manipulation of the independent variable, while external validity refers to the extent results can be generalized beyond the study sample.

What ethical considerations should be taken into account during psychological research?

Ethical considerations include informed consent, voluntary participation, confidentiality, right to withdraw, and debriefing.

What is the role of communication and collaboration in scientific research?

Communication and collaboration help in sharing findings and fostering advancements in research through collective efforts across disciplines.