Questions for CHO2 - hmw

Write the names of the elements represented by the following symbols:

• I

• P

• Na

Iodine

Phosphorus

Sodium

Write the symbols for the following elements:

• Potassium

• Nickel

• Manganese

• Magnesium

K

Ni

Mn

Mg

Provide the mass that contains:

• One atom of carbon

• One mole of magnesium

• 6.02 × 10²³ atoms of Li

• 3.01 × 10 ²³ atoms of Ca

1.99 × 10²³g

24.31g

6.94g

20.03g

Please explain to the members of the jury how two atoms of the same element can have different mass numbers

The reason two atoms can be the same element is because they have the same number of protons, but it’s different when it deals with mass due to the number of neutrons

Define radioactivity and the three types of nuclear radiation

the spontaneous emission of high-energy nuclear radiation from an unstable nucleus

• alpha, beta, gamma rays

Give the maximum number of electrons in:

• Principle energy level 2

• A p-orbital

• Principal energy level 4

• The 4f-orbital

• The 1s- orbital

8 electrons

6 electrons

32 electrons

14 electrons

2 electrons

Briefly explain to the members of the jury the difference between a neutral atom and an ion. How are ions formed?

A neutral atom has balanced charges, while an ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons and ends up charged. A simple way to picture this is like a person whose credits and debts are equal (neutral), versus someone who has lost or gained extra credits and now has a positive or negative balance (ion).

Write the electron configuration for each of the following:

• Na

• F^-

• Mg²⁺

• Li⁺

• Ar

• 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹

• 1s²2s²2p⁵

• 1s²2s²2p⁶

• 1s²

• 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶

What information does the group numbers of the periodic table give?

it gives the number of valence electrons

Describe the difference between the natural state of an atom and its most stable state

In a natural state of an atom its highly reactive due to its incomplete valance shells. Meanwhile when it’s stable it’s because its valence shell is filled.