Latin American History Review

Flashcards for review of key terms, people, and events.

Import-substitution led industrialization

develop local industries to replace the need to import manufactured goods

Fidel Castro’s goals in Cuba

focused on ending U.S dominance, redistributing wealth, reforming society

Cause of hyperinflation in Brazil in the early 1990s

growing national debt, rising oil prices, dictatorship frozen wages

U.S. foreign policy in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua

U.S supported anti communist corrupt governments

Actions of military dictatorships of Chile, Brazil, and Argentina

All used torture and murder to silence opposition

Salvador Allende

worried U.S govt. with his leftist policies

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

leftist leader who balanced the interests of social reformers and businesses 

Significance of Vicente Fox's election

it ended 71 yrs of one party rule

Worries about NAFTA in Mexico

worried incease competition from foreign import hurt their economy

Why Latin America instituted free market reforms

stabilize economies, reduce inflation, pay their debt

was Mexico’s economy strong in the 1980’s

no, oil production failed

The Shining Path

guerrilla group terrorized countryside

Augusto Pinochet

didn’t make sweeping changes to improve the lives of working class or help stimulate the slow economy

Argentina from 1976 to 1983

govt. carried out “dirty war” against suspected dissidents, never heard from again, thousand of ppl taken

The junta in Nicaragua

ruled nicaragua was easily reelected in 1984

Political leader removed in Guatemala in 1952

replaced him with military dictator

Cuban Missile Crisis

1962 world came close to nuclear war when U.S discovered the soviets were building nuclear missile sites in cuba

Bay of Pigs

An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba by U.S.-backed Cuban exiles.

Hugo Chavez FIB

Was elected president of venezuela in 1998

Violeta Chamorro FIB

Headed the moderate govt. that had defeated sandinistas in 1990

Manuel Noriega FIB

Used the country as base for drug smuggling cocaine in 1980s

Populist FIB

Leader who support the rights of common ppl as opposed to the privileged elite 

Sandinistas

Violeta chamorro (FIB) headed moderate govt

Liberation Theology FIB

Catholics support liberation theology, church should be active in struggle for economic, social equaility