Muscle Library--Gluteal Region & Hip

Gluteus maximus origin

Dorsal sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament

Gluteus maximus insertion

Gluteal tuberosity, IT band

Gluteus maximus innervation

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, 2)

Gluteus maximus action

Extends, laterally rotates hip, rising from sitting

Gluteus medius origin

Lateral ilium

Gluteus medius insertion

Greater trochanter

Gluteus medius innervation

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, 5, S1)

Gluteus medius action

Abducts, medially rotates hip, steadies and levels pelvis

Gluteus minimus origin

Lateral ilium

Gluteus minimus insertion

Greater trochanter

Gluteus minimus innervation

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, 5, S1)

Gluteus minimus action

Abducts, medially rotates hip, steadies and levels pelvis

Piriformis origin

Anterior sacrum

Piriformis insertion

Greater trochanter

Piriformis innervation

Ventral rami branches (S1, 2)

Piriformis action

Laterally rotates, extends hip, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Gemelli superior and inferior origin

Superior—ischial spine; inferior—ischial tuberosity

Gemelli superior and inferior insertion

Trochanteric fossa

Gemelli superior and inferior innervation

L5, S1; superior—nerve to obturator internus; inferior—nerve to quadratis femoris

Gemelli superior and inferior action

Laterally rotates, extends hip, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Obturator internus origin

Obturator membrane and surrounding bones

Obturator internus insertion

Medial greater trochanter

Obturator internus innervation

Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

Obturator internus action

Laterally rotates, extends hip, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Quadratus femoris origin

Ischial tuberosity

Quadratus femoris insertio

Intertrochanteric crest

Quadratus femoris innervation

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Quadratus femoris action

Laterally rotates hip, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

Semimembranosus origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus insertion

Posterior medial condyle of tibia

Semimembranosus innervation

Sciatic nerve (L5, S1, 2)

Semimembranosus action

Extends, medially rotates hip, flexes knee

Semitendinosus origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus insertion

Pes anserinus

Semitendinosus innervation

Sciatic nerve (L5, S1, 2)

Semitendinosus action

Extends, medially rotates hip, flexes knee

Biceps femoris origin

Long head—ischial tuberosity; short head—linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line

Biceps femoris insertion

Head of fibula

Biceps femoris innervation

Sciatic (L5, S1, 2); long head—tibial; short head—common fibular

Biceps femoris action

Flexes, laterally rotates hip when knee is flexed, extends hip