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What is oxidation?
The gain of hydrogen or the loss of hydrogen/electrons
What is reduction?
The gain of hydrogen/electrons or the loss of oxygen
What is the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?
Bright white light
white solid forms
heat released
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
What is the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?
Yellow solid melts to a red liquid
Burns with blue flame
Releases heat and pungent colourless gas (sulfur dioxide)
S + O2 → SO2
What is the reaction between carbon and oxygen?
Black carbon burns in a plentiful supply of oxygen
Colourless gas forms
C + O2 → CO2
What is the reaction between copper oxide and hydrogen?
Goes from a black solid to pink-brown solid
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
What is a redox reaction?
A reaction in which both oxidation and reduction happen at the same time
What are the conditions in which rust occurs?
Water and oxygen
It is an oxidation reaction, it forms hydrated iron (lll) oxide which is a red-brown flaky solid
What are the methods of preventing rust?
Painting
Oiling
Plastic coating
Metal covering/plating
Sacrificial protection
Galvanising
What are the raw materials in the blast furnace?
coke/carbon, limestone
How does the reducing agent form?
Hot air converts carbon into carbon dioxide and then carbon monoxide- exothermic reaction
C + O2 → CO2
CO2 + C → 2CO
How is the iron oxide reduced?
Carbon monoxide reduces iron oxide to iron
Fe3O2 + 3CO → 3Fe + 3CO2
How are the acidic impurities removed?
Limestone undergoes thermal decomposition and the calcium oxide produced reacts with the acidic impurities to produce molten slag- this gets tapped off at the base
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3
Note 
Flashcard (48)