Health Promotion in the pediatric pt and Responses of children during illness

( 3 questions; comprehension) for both 6 total questions

what is healthy people 2030

a framework that identifies essential components for health promotion programs targeting children and adolescents.

• Its primary purpose is to prevent future health problems in these age groups

what are the goals of healthy 2030 for infants

• Infant mortality: Reduce deaths in the first year of life.

• Breastfeeding rates: Increase exclusive breastfeeding through six months.

• Vaccination coverage: Ensure timely immunizations.

• Maternal health: Improve prenatal care and reduce maternal complications.

what are their strategies for meeting their goals for infants

Expand prenatal care access to ensure early intervention.

Promote breastfeeding education through healthcare providers.

Increase vaccination outreach in underserved communities.

Enhance maternal health programs to reduce complications.

what are the goals of healthy 2030 for children

Obesity rates: Reduce childhood obesity prevalence.

Oral health: Increase access to dental care

Food insecurity: Reduce hunger and improve nutrition.

Physical activity: Increase participation in regular exercise.

what are their strategies for meeting their goals for children

Implement school-based nutrition programs to combat obesity.

Increase dental screenings through community health initiatives.

Strengthen food assistance programs to reduce hunger.

Encourage active play through structured physical education.

what are the goals of healthy 2030 for teens

Mental health treatment: Increase access for those with major depressive episodes.

Tobacco and substance use: Reduce adolescent smoking and drug use.

Sexual health: Improve STI prevention and education.

Academic achievement: Increase literacy and school success.

what are their strategies for meeting their goals for teens

Improve mental health services in schools and communities.

Strengthen anti-smoking campaigns targeting youth.

Enhance sexual health education with evidence-based curricula.

Support literacy programs to improve academic success.

what is family centered care

s a crucial approach in pediatric nursing that supports healthy family functioning. It is characterized by principles that foster an environment where the family is an integral part of the healthcare team

• views parents as” expert” in childs needs

• allowing child to define who is in the fmaily unit

• respceting all families

what are some characteristics of healthy families

Communicate well

Affirm and support

Respect

Trust

Share traditions and rituals

Humor

Share responsibility

Seek help within the family

what is Atraumatic care and what does it look like

Care activities that focus on minimizing the distress of a child and family.

• Prevent or minimize separation from the family

  • Eg. Allowing the parent to carry a toddler into the OR and remain with the child until they are sedated

• Promote sense of control

  • Eg. Offering options individualized for the child such as selecting a facility that has child life specialists to assist with distraction.

• Prevent or minimize bodily injury and pain

  • Eg. The ER nurse applies a topical anesthetic cream to numb the site for venipuncture.

what are some commen stressors and rxns of the family to illness/hopitalization

• Disbelief, anger, guilt

  • Especially if sudden illness

• Fear, anxiety

  • Related to child’s pain, seriousness of illness

• Frustration

  • Especially related to need for information

• Depression

what are some commen sibling rxns to illness/hospitalization

• Loneliness, fear, worry

• Anger, resentment, jealousy

• Guilt

What can you do to assist siblings of a child with a serious illness?

what is the most important thing that affcets how a child view their illness

their concept of thier illness, espceilly more important than intellectual maturity

what can be some benefits to hospitalization

• Recovery from illness

• Increase coping skills

• Master stress and feel competent in coping

• New socialization experiences

what can help children get the most benefits of hospitalization

• Fostering parent-child relationships

• Providing educational opportunities

• Promoting self-mastery

• Providing socialization

• Supporting family members

how might a infant act during hospitalization

trust vs mistrust, need to involve mom and dad( sit in parents lap)

• need consistant care

• keep their daily routines

how might a toddlers act during hospitalization

They may start to regress, be negative ( love the word NO) or temper tantrums

• need to keep daily routines and rituals

• normally start to have their own autonomy(saying no)

how might a preschoolers act during hospitalization

• They believe in magical thinking.

• They may view hospitalization as punishment for misdeeds.

• Preoperational thought.

• interactive play

what is preopertional thought

Piaget’s stages of cognitive development (ages about 2–7 years old).

It describes the way children in this stage think and understand the world:

• Egocentric thinking – they have difficulty seeing things from another person’s perspective.

• Magical thinking – they believe their thoughts or wishes can cause events to happen (e.g., “I was mad at Mom, that’s why she got sick”).

• Animism – they may believe inanimate objects have feelings or intentions (e.g., “the chair hurt me”).

• Concrete focus – they can’t yet think logically or understand abstract concepts, but they use symbols (like language and pretend play).

how might a school age act during hospitalization

• They start to have thoughts and fears of death, abandonment, or permanent injury.

• They strive for independence at this age.

• bored and will need activties to keep occupied

how might a teen act during hospitalization

• They struggle for independence and the development of their own identity.

• They may respond with anger and frustration.

• They worry about being different from their peers.

• They want more information about their condition.

what is a infant response to pain

• Generalized response is rigidity, or thrashing

• Loud crying

• Reflex withdrawal

• Facial expressions of pain (furrowed brow & grimace)

• No understanding of relationship between stimuli and subsequent pain

what are the signs of pain for an older infant

• Withdrawal from painful stimulus

• Loud crying

• Facial grimace

• Physical resistance

• Turning away

what is toddlers response to pain

• Loud crying, screaming

• Verbalizations—“Ow,” “Ouch,” “It hurts”

• Thrashing of limbs

• Attempts to push away stimulus

• Anticipation of pain

what are preschool and school age children response to pain

• Stalling behavior (“wait a minute”)

• Muscle rigidity

• May use all behaviors of young child

• Parent presence may influence child to act “tough” so may not disclose pain

what is a adolescent response to pain

• Less vocal protest, less motor activity

• Increased muscle tension and body control

• More verbalizations (“It hurts,” “You’re hurting me”)

• May try to appear “tough” to parents even when in pain in hospital.

How can you reduce the parent’s distress during emergency admission?

• Provide clear, honest information: Explain what is happening in simple, direct language, and update frequently.

• Acknowledge emotions: Validate their fears and concerns — let them know it’s normal to feel overwhelmed.

• Encourage presence: Allow parents to stay with their child whenever possible, including during procedures if safe.

• Offer participation: Give them small, helpful roles (e.g., holding the child’s hand, comforting, or helping with basic care).

How can hospitalization disrupt an infant’s development?

Hospitalization can disrupt an infant's development by causing a loss of control, which is crucial for infants who need to develop trust.

• This trust is built through consistent, loving caregivers and daily routines.

• Disruptions to these elements can negatively impact their sense of security and trust.

  • Separation anxiety typically develops between 4 and 8 months, and stranger fear between 6 and 8 months, which can be heightened during hospitalization

What are some concerns for the child in isolation?

• Concerns for a child in isolation include their limited understanding of why they are isolated

• the need to deal with their fears

• the potential for sensory deprivation

What are some strategies for normalizing the hospital environment?

• Promoting freedom of movement.

• Maintaining the child's routine as much as possible.

• Implementing time structuring.

• Encouraging age-appropriate self-care.

• Facilitating schoolwork if applicable.

• Allowing friends and visitors.

• Providing developmentally appropriate activities

What are important interventions for parents under stress?

• family assessment and acknowledging parent stressors.

• Nurses should encourage parent participation in planning and care, as parents need information. Preparing parents for discharge and home care is also crucial.

• Preventing or minimizing separation from their child is a primary psychosocial nursing goal, recognizing that parents are partners in care, not "visitors"