Lab Exam 1

What does Anterior mean?

the front, in front of

What is another word for anterior?

ventral

What is an example of Anterior?

the stomach is anterior to the kidney.

What does Inferior mean?

below; towards the feet.

What is an example of inferior?

the liver is inferior to the diaphragm

What does Lateral mean?

at or towards the side

what is an example of lateral?

the lungs are lateral to the heart.

What does Proximal mean?

Towards or closest to the point of attachment or origin.

What is an example of proximal?

the elbow is proximal to the wrist

What does Posterior mean?

the back or behind

what is another word for posterior?

dorsal

what is an example of posterior (dorsal)?

the dorsal root ganglion

What does superior mean?

above or toward the head

What is an example of superior?

the lungs are superior to the diaphragm

What does medial mean?

towards the body’s midline

what is an example of medial?

the heart is medial to the lungs.

What is an example of distal?

away from of farthest from the point of attachment or origin.

What does “deep mean” in anatomy?

away from the surface or further into the body

What is an example of “deep” in anatomy?

the bones are deep to the skin.

What does superficial mean in anatomy?

close to the surface of the body; shallow (opposite of deep)

What is an example of superficial in anatomy?

The skin is superficial to the muscles

How does the frontal section divide?

the front and back of the body

How does the sagittal section divide?

the left and the right sides of the body

How does the transverse section divide?

the top and the bottom of the body

What is another word for the frontal section body plane?

the coronal section

What cavities are part of the dorsal cavity?

The cranial and the Spinal (vertebral) cavities

What kind of cavity is labeled 2?

The dorsal body cavity (containing the cranial and spinal cavities)

What is the purpose of the dorsal cavity?

protects the nervous system

What is the main organ encased by the cranial cavity?

the brain

What cavity is labeled #1?

The cranial cavity

What is the main organ encased by the vertebral cavity?

the spinal cord

What is another word for the vertebral cavity?

the spinal cavity, or the spinal canal

What body cavity is labeled 3?

the vertebral cavity.

What cavities are included in the ventral cavity?

the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.

What body cavity is labeled #6?

the abdominal cavity.

What are the main organs of the abdominal cavity?

the digestive organs such as the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver

What cavities are included in the Abdominopelvic cavity?

the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

What body cavity is labeled #8?

The Abdominopelvic cavity

What does the diaphragm separate?

the thoracic and the abdominal cavities

What is labeled #4?

the diaphragm

What organs does the pelvic body cavity contain?

urinary/reproductive organs and rectum

What is labeled #7?

the pelvic cavity

What does the thoracic cavity encase?

the heart and the lungs

What is labeled #5?

the thoracic cavity

What part of the thoracic body cavity is labeled 5a?

superior mediastinum

What part of the thoracic body cavity is labeled 5b?

pleural cavity

What part of the thoracic body cavity is labeled 5c?

pericardial cavity within the mediastinum

What body cavity encloses the heart?

the pericardial cavity.

What abdominal region is labeled #1?

right hypochondriac

What abdominal region is labeled #2?

epigastric

What abdominal region is labeled #3?

left hypochondriac

What abdominal region is labeled #4?

right lumbar

What abdominal region is labeled #5?

umbilical

What abdominal region is labeled #6?

left lumbar

What abdominal region is labeled #7?

right iliac/ inguinal

What abdominal region is labeled #8?

hypogastric

What abdominal region is labeled #9?

left illiac/ inguinal

What organs are apart of the right hypochrondriac region?

right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right adrenal gland

What organs are apart of the epigastric region?

pyloric end of stomach, duodenum, pancreas

What organs are apart of the left hypochondriac region?

stomach, spleen, left adrenal gland

What organs are apart of the right lumbar region?

ascending colon, right kidney, portion of small intestine

What organs are apart of the umbilical region?

omentum, mesentery, small intestine

What organs are apart of the left lumbar region?

descending colon, left kidney, portion of the small intestine

What organs are apart of the right iliac/ inguinal region?

cecum of large intestines, appendix, right ovary

What organs are apart of the hypogastric region?

ileum, bladder, uterus

What organs are apart of the left iliac/ inguinal region?

sigmoid colon, left ureter, left ovary

What is labeled #1?

parietal pericardium

What is labeled #2?

visceral pericardium (epicardium)

What is labeled #3?

mediastinum

What is labeled #4?

pericardial cavity

What is labeled #5?

parietal pleura

What is labeled #6?

right pleural cavity

What is labeled #7?

visceral pleura

What is labeled #8?

esophagus

What is labeled #9?

right lung

What is labeled #10?

heart

What is labeled #11?

left lung

What is labeled #12?

descending aorta

What is labeled #13?

left pleural cavity

What is labeled #1?

retroperitoneal space

What is labeled #2?

visceral peritoneum

What is labeled #3?

parietal peritoneum

What is labeled #4?

peritoneal cavity

what bone is highlighted in this image?

clavicle

what is the layman’s term for clavicle?

collarbone

What is the “floating bone under the jaw” that is highlighted in this image called?

hyoid

What bone is highlighted in this image?

sternum

What part of the sternum is highlighted in this image?

body of the sternum (longer part)

What part of the sternum is highlighted in this image?

manubrium (smaller & pentagon shaped)

What part of the sternum is highlighted in this image?

xiphoid process (tip)

What bone is highlighted in this image?

rib cage (thoracic cage)

What type of ribs are highlighted in this image?

vertebral (false, floating) ribs (the two bottom ribs in the back)

What type of ribs are highlighted in this image?

vertebronchondral (false) ribs (the 3 ribs right above floating)

What type of ribs are highlighted in this image?

vertebrosternal (true) ribs (the spiral looking bones going from behind to the front)

What bone is highlighted in this image?

costal cartilage (medial, touching the sternum)

What bone in the vertebral column is highlighted in this image?

Atlas

What bone in the vertebral column is highlighted in this image?

Axis

Where is the odontoid process located?

in the axis of the spine

What bone is highlighted in this image?

coccyx

What bone is NOT highlighted in this image?

sacrum (has 8 holes, is right above the tailbone)