1.2 Overview of the Nervous System
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52 Terms
Body’s communication network that consists of all nerve cells:
Nervous system
What can the nervous system be called?
Body’s electrical wiring
What does the nervous system allow organisms to do?
Sense, organize, and react to stimuli in the environment
What does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
What does the central nervous system consist of?
Brain and spinal cord
What does the central nervous system serve as?
Command center of the body
What is the central nervous system responsible for?
For processing information, coordinating responses, and regulating bodily functions
What does the spinal cord serve as?
A vital pathway for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain and motor commands from the brain to the body
What does PNS stand for?
Peripheral nervous system
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
All the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system serve as?
A communication network
What does the peripheral nervous system transmit?
Sensory information
From where to where does the peripheral nervous system transmit sensory information?
Body to central nervous system
What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?
Involuntary and unconscious actions
Examples of involuntary and unconscious actions regulated by the autonomic nervous system:
Breathing, blood pumping through veins, digestion, heartbeat, work of other internal organs
Emergency response system:
Sympathetic nervous system
When do you get into “fight, flight or freeze” mode?
If someone alarms, enrages, or challenges you
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
Accelerate heartbeat, raise blood pressure, slow digestion, raise blood sugar
Why does the sympathetic nervous system do what it does?
To make you alert and ready for action
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
Calm the person down
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for resting and digesting?
Parasympathetic nervous system
How does the parasympathetic nervous system calm a person down?
By reducing body arousal, energy, decreasing blood sugar, increasing blood flow to the digestive organs, and decreasing heart rate
What does the somatic nervous system include?
The nerves that transmit signals from your brain to the skeletal muscles
What does the somatic nervous system allow for?
Voluntary movement
What does the somatic nervous system control when riding a bicycle?
Voluntary movement of muscles in arms and legs
Examples of voluntary movement of muscles in arms and legs while riding a bicycle:
Using leg muscles too pedal and arm muscles to steer handlebars
Central Nervous System
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect pupils?
Constriction
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect salivation?
Stimulation
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect airways?
Constriction
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect heartbeat?
Slows
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect digestion?
Stimulation
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect gallbladder?
Stimulation
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect gallbladder?
Stimulation
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect intestine?
Stimulation
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect bladder?
Constriction
How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect reproductive system?
Increase in blood flow
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect pupil?
Dilation
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect salivation?
Inhibition
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect airways?
Dilation
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect heartrate?
Speed up
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect digestion?
Inhibition
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect liver?
Glucose release
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect intestine?
Inhibition
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect adrenal glands?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine release
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect bladder?
Relaxation
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect reproductive system?
Decrease in blood flow
Subdivisions of the nervous system:
Peripheral and central
Subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system:
Autonomic and somatic
Subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system:
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
Automatic and unlearnt response to stimuli that do not require and is faster than a conscious response:
Reflex
Note 
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