Statistical Analysis

Statistics

A large amount of data can be collected in research studies

• organize & describe in a meaningful way

• used to make predictions about a population of interest

Descriptive statistics

N; umerical measures used to summarize and describe the characteristics of a dataset

Negative Skew

the bulk of the data clusters on the right side, with the tail extending towards the left

Positive skew

the bulk of the data clusters on the left side, with the tail extending towards the right

SD (sigma)

A way to measure how spread out or close together numbers are in a group

Percentile Rank

a statistical measure that indicates the percentage of scores in a distribution that are equal to or below a particular value

Regression to the Mean

when extreme scores tend to get closer to the average when measured again. This happens because extreme scores are often due to temporary factors, not lasting characteristics

Statistical Significance

the likelihood that observed results in a research study are not due to chance (p-value < 0.05 not statistically significant)

large effect size

indicates a substantial difference or relationship, suggesting that the independent variable has a considerable impact on the dependent variable

small effect size

indicates a minimal difference or relationship, indicating that the independent variable has a limited effect on the dependent variable

Meta Analysis

the statistical analysis of multiple research studies on the same topic to draw overall conclusions