Repeat Offending

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5 Terms

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RECIDIVISM RATES

definition = repeat offending rates

those who reoffend = further 4 offences each

average number of new offences (rising since 2009)

offenders released from prison = rises to 36%

63% of juvenile offenders re convicted within 1 yr

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RISING PRISON POPULATION

repeat offending / longer sentences (cause of increase)

EXAMPLE: released on license + commit another offence = back in prison

EXAMPLE: 2018 - indictable offences 26 months older than in 2008

2003 - 2016 - min. sentence for murder increase, 12.5 - 21.3 yrs

3
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WHO REOFFENDS?

more previous convictions = more likely to reoffend

  • offenders that served prison sentence

  • males more likely to reoffend that females

  • offenders with drug / alcohol addictions

  • homeless, unemployed, few qualifications

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DARK FIGURE OF REOFFENDING

when the offender hasn’t been caught / punished for reoffending

harsher punishments = deterrent (puts them off)

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THEORIES

Right Realism: offenders = rational actors, fear of jail acts as deterrent

Marxism: unemployed offenders likely to reoffend (not surprising)

survive on benefits = little chance of meeting needs