Eating Disorders Exam 1

Marques et al Study

Do racial/ethnic groups differ in ED prevalence?

Bulimia Nervosa there was greater lifetime and 12-month prevalence in Latino and African Americans than Non-latino whites.

Watson et al. Study

How has disordered eating changed in sexual minority girls and boys over time? Do they differ from heterosexual girls and boys? Have disparities between heterosexual and non-heterosexual girls and boys changed over time?

Increases in disordered eating in homosexual females but improvements in homosexual males, improvement in heterosexual adolescents over time. No ED behavior more common in hetero than non-hetero adolescents

Grillot et. al Study

Why are men less likely to seek treatment than women?

Most people with ED never realize and get treatment; men and women are equally bad at recognition

Anne Becker et al. Study

Does exposure to Western media increase disordered eating in non-Western cultures?

Increased eating pathology severity and self-induced vomiting in girls

Jackson, keel, eel Study

Is Western culture the only source of cultural influence on EDs?

Acculturation not associated with disordered eating in Korean American/immigrant women. Korean woman in Korea have higher EAT-26 scores than Korean-American women

Reverse Anorexia/bigorexia

Overtime body ideal for men has become more muscular. Increase muscle mass and decrease body fat through steroids, and excessive exercise

Purging behaviors 

vomiting, laxatives and diuretics

Non-purging behaviors

fasting, excessive exercise, and diet pills

Lifetime prevalence of ED’s

Women have higher overall lifetime prevalence of ED’s. Considering men they have high lifetime prevalence in BED

Sociocultural factors influences

BN more than AN

Incidence of BN and AN

Dramatic increase in BN with the idealization of thinness in the second half of 20th century

Only modest increase in AN

Eating disorders are distinguished from normal variations in eating based on

Distress AND/OR impairment

How many "associated symptoms" are required for a diagnosis of Binge Eating Disorder, according to the DSM-5

At least 3

Why do men likely make up a larger portion of those suffering from eating disorders than we currently know

they are less likely to seek treatment than women and less likely to participate in research studies

Transgender and Cisgender 

Meta-analytic evidence suggests that transgender people report more severe eating disorder symptoms than cisgender people

Acculturation

The process of cultural change and adaptation that occurs when individuals from different cultures come into continuous, direct contact with the dominant culture.

What 2 things need to be true for BED

loss of control and large amount of food in span of 2 hours

Difference between BN and BED

BN has compensatory behaviors, BED has not

Compensatory behaviors

self-induced vomiting; misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications; fasting or excessive exercise.