intro to psychology chpt 1

Which statement is true about psychoanalytical psychology?

Freud believed unconscious thoughts and early childhood experiences affect behavior, and therapy helps bring these memories to awareness to understand emotional issues.

Which school of psychology focused on the operation of the entire mind instead of specific parts?

it studied how mental activities as a whole help an organism adapt to its environment.

William James’s focus on how mental activities help a person adapt to their environment is known as

Functionalism – examining mental processes as a whole and their functions.

Which researcher studied types of conditioned reflexes?

Answer: Ivan Pavlov – he studied conditioned reflexes.

Who presented ideas and techniques for rewarding and punishing behavior?

B.F. Skinner – he developed the concepts of operant conditioning, emphasizing the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior.

Who focused on humans’ potential to be creative, have a positive outlook, and pursue higher values through self-actualization?

Abraham Maslow – he emphasized the importance of self-actualization and personal growth in his hierarchy of needs theory.

Which school of thought in the early 20th century focused on observable behavior and the relationship between the environment and behavior?

Behaviorism – it emphasized studying observable behavior and stimuli in the environment, notably influenced by researchers like John Watson and B.F. Skinner.

Which school of thought studies the mental processes of thinking, memory, and judgment?

Cognitive Psychology – it focuses on understanding internal mental processes and how they influence behavior.

Which of the following are major areas of interest in cognitive psychology?

cognitive psychology studies mental processes like thinking, memory, perception, and language.