Geography and Glaciers

Flashcards about Geography and Glaciers

Who was Stalin?

Leader of USSR, died in 1953

Who was Gorbachev?

Last leader of USSR, (it ended in 1991)

Lake Baikal

1642m deep/ takes up 1/5 of earths fresh water/ worlds deepest lake

Mt Elbrus

5642m tall/ Volcano

Bering Strait width

82km

Exclave

A part of a country separated by another country (eg- Kaliningrad)

USSR

Union of soviet socialist republics/ 1922-1991

Crimea

A peninsula in Sevastopol

Peninsula

Land surrounded by water (eg- Kamchatka)

Diomede Islands

Big Diomede- Russia, Little Diomede- USA, 3.8km apart

Causes of the Boscastle Flood

Over 60mm of rain in 2 hours/ It was a steep valley so all the water funnelled quickly into the village/ Ground was already saturated/ Bridges trapped cars and debris and stopped the water flow

Short- term effects of the Boscastle flood

100 cars swept up/ 50 houses damaged/ 4 businesses damaged/ 1 person seriously injured

Long-term effects of the Boscastle flood

Tourism dropped/Repairs worth millions of pounds

Aftermath of the Boscastle flood

New £4.6M flood defense scheme built/River Valency widened and deepened

Average global temp

14.9 degrees c

Lowest average temp in an ice age

6 degrees c

Animals found 20 000 years ago

Wooly mammoths, Bison and Arctic foxes

Land covered when ice age

1/3

Land covered by ice today

1/10

99% of earth ice

Antarctica/Greenland

Glaciers location

Mountains in Africa

How ribbon lakes are formed

1. Glaciers reach a place with softer rock and that area is eroded more easily so a rock basin is formed 2. The harder rock remains and creates rock bars on each side 3. When the glacier melts, the rock basin fills with water creating a ribbon lake

Englacial moraine

Found within the glacier

Medial moraine

Found in the middle after 2 glaciers have met

Ground moraine

found under the glacier

Lateral moraine

Found at the sides/edges of the glacier

9 glacial landforms

Arete, corrie, tarn, crags, erratic, ribbon lake, u- shaped valley, drumlins, moraine

3 glacial processes

Plucking, striations, deposition

2 glacial water features

tributary glaciers, misfit stream

Crevasse and a Nunatak

A deep crack in a glacier/ a mountain peak that sticks out above a glacier

Crags

Rocky hills left after glaciers since it wasn't eroded

Drumlins

Smooth hills that are made of glacial till/ were deposited by glaciers and shaped by ice.