parasit lec - Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Trypanosoma cruzi

What is the only trypanosome that has an intracellular amastigote stage?

Chagas’ Disease

What disease does Trypanosoma cruzi cause?

Tsetse fly

Which of the following is NOT a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi?

Metacyclic trypomastigote

What is the infective stage of Trypanosoma cruzi in humans?

Blood transfusion

Which of the following is a mode of transmission for Trypanosoma cruzi?

Trypomastigote

Which form of Trypanosoma cruzi is found in the bloodstream?

Kinetoplast

What structure is near the posterior end of trypomastigotes?

Heart

Which organ is commonly affected in the chronic form of Chagas' disease?

Chagas’ Disease

Romaña’s sign is associated with which infection?

Cardiomegaly

What is the most serious complication of chronic Chagas’ disease?

Blood smear with Giemsa stain

What diagnostic method is commonly used for detecting Trypanosoma cruzi?

Nifurtimox

Which medication is the drug of choice for Chagas’ disease?

Trypanosoma brucei

Which trypanosome species causes African Sleeping Sickness?

Tsetse fly

Which vector transmits Trypanosoma brucei?

Enlargement of cervical lymph nodes

What is Winterbottom’s sign?

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

Which trypanosome species causes the more severe and acute form of Sleeping Sickness?

Melarsoprol

Which medication is used for late-stage African trypanosomiasis?

Leishmania donovani

Which Leishmania species causes visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar)?

Sandfly

What is the vector of Leishmania parasites?

Promastigote

What is the infective stage of Leishmania parasites in humans?

Skin sores

Which of the following is a common manifestation of cutaneous leishmaniasis?

Amastigote

What is the diagnostic stage of Leishmania?

Leishmania tropica

Which Leishmania species causes diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis?

Giemsa-stained blood smear

Which diagnostic method is most commonly used for Leishmania species?

Nasal and oral mucosal destruction

What is a key feature of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis?

Sodium stibogluconate

What is the drug of choice for Leishmania infections?

Insect control with insecticides

What is a prevention strategy for African trypanosomiasis?

Amastigote

Which form of Leishmania is found in macrophages?

Leishmania mexicana

Which Leishmania species is responsible for "Chiclero ulcers" (ear lesions in forest workers)?

Screening blood for transfusions

Which of the following is a control measure for Chagas' disease?