CMN 3V - Midterm 1 Study Guide (Flashcards): Fall Quarter 2025

1. The components of the transmission model of communication include __________.

participants, messages, encoding, decoding, and channels.

In communication, __________ refers to the process of turning thoughts into communication.

encoding.

In the interaction model of communication, __________ is essential for generating meaning.

feedback.

What is defined as noise in the communication process?

Anything that interferes with a message being sent between participants.

The __________ model of communication incorporates social, relational, and cultural contexts.

transaction.

What does communication competence refer to?

The knowledge of effective and appropriate communication patterns and the ability to use and adapt that knowledge in various contexts.

__________ refers to the fears or anxieties associated with communication.

Communication apprehension.

Syntactic rules in language govern __________.

the order of words in a sentence.

The term __________ describes the common meaning of words often found in the dictionary.

denotative meaning.

What are clichés in verbal communication?

Once clever words or phrases that have lost their impact through overuse.

Jargon is defined as __________.

occupation-specific language used by people in a given profession.

Racist language __________.

discriminates against members of a given race or ethnic group.

The study of body movements in communication is known as __________.

kinesics.

In nonverbal communication, __________ refers to the physical and psychological aspects of the communication context.

environment.

Proxemics is the study of __________ in communication.

the human use of space and distance.

Functional professional touch is a type of touch categorized under __________.

haptics.

The term __________ describes verbal and nonverbal aspects of speech that influence communication.

paralanguage.

Denotative meanings help reduce the possibility of __________ in communication.

misinterpretation.

What does the term 'social context' refer to in communication?

The stated rules or unstated norms that guide communication.

Self-disclosure is defined as __________.

the act of revealing personal information to others.

The __________ effect explains how first impressions significantly influence perception.

primacy.

What role does salience play in perception?

It influences the selection of perceptual information based on what stands out.

Semantic rules govern __________.

the meaning of words and how to interpret them.

The __________ model of communication emphasizes feedback in a two-way communication process.

interaction.

Environmental noise in communication refers to __________.

any physical noise present in a communication encounter.

Bubbles of space surrounding individuals are referred to as __________.

personal space.

Cultural context includes various aspects of identities such as __________.

race, gender, nationality, sexual orientation, class, and ability.

What does the term 'self-serving bias' refer to in perception?

The tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to external factors.

The two types of meanings involved in communication are __________ and __________.

denotative and connotative.

Strategies for developing communication competence include __________.

knowledge of effective communication patterns and the ability to adapt that knowledge.

What is the role of schemata in perception?

Schemata help in organizing and interpreting perceptual information.

The __________ model views communication as an information packet sent from one place to another.

transmission.

Sexist language uses __________ as a discriminating factor.

gender.

What is the purpose of perception checking?

To improve perception of self and others.

The five key principles of verbal communication include __________.

clarity, precision, appropriateness, conciseness, and politeness.

What does public speaking anxiety refer to?

A type of communication apprehension related to addressing an audience.

Artifacts refer to __________ in nonverbal communication.

forms of decorative ornamentation that represent self-concept.

The study of how we refer to and perceive time is called __________.

chronemics.

What is the fundamental attribution error?

The tendency to overemphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors when explaining others' behaviors.

The __________ effect shows how last impressions can significantly influence perception.

recency.

Body movements can complement, regulate, or __________ verbal messages.

replace.

What is the goal of refining verbal communication skills?

To convey messages effectively and facilitate understanding.

In the transactional model, communicators generate __________ within social contexts.

social realities.

Linguistic sensitivity in communication refers to being aware of __________.

gender and race issues in language.

The role of nonverbal communication in relational contexts is to convey __________.

emotions and strengthen relationships.

Instrumental and relational functions of communication serve to __________.

meet practical needs and build relationships.

Cultural differences in communication highlight variations in __________.

nonverbal cues, including gestures and expressions.

The process of __________ helps in enhancing interpersonal relationships through openness.

self-disclosure.