AP Chemistry

Zero order rxn

[A] vs t is linear

First order rxn

ln [A] vs t is linear

Second order rxn

1/[A] vs t is linear

Exp

Formal charge

subtract the total number of valence electrons from the number of assigned electrons (bonded and lone pairs)

Effusion

rate a gas will escape from a container with microscopic holes from high pressure to low pressure.

volume is constant

as pressure increases, temperature increases

Boyle's Law

e temperature is constant: as pressure increases, volume decreases

Charles’ Law

pressure is held constant: as temperature increases, volume increases,

Always soluble

Compounds with alkali metals, ammonium and nitrate

Vapor pressure

the amount of pressure given off by molecules as they go from solid/liquid to gas

Dilution

shift the side with more aqueous molecules

Evaporation

shift to the side with less aqueous molecules

Buffer

solution with a stable pH; s created by adding a significant amount of weak acid or base along with it’s conjugate as salt. This combination will not neutralize