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gold

Au 3+

silver

Ag +

mercury

Hg2+

Astatide

At-

Tennesside

Ts-

hydronium

H30+

Ammonium

NH4+

phosphate

PO43-

nitrate

NO3-

sulfate

SO42-

chlorate

ClO3-

iodate

IO3-

chromate

CrO42-

carbonate

C032-

hydroxide

OH-

acetate

CH3COO-

dichromate

Cr2O72-

oxalate

C2H42-

permanganate

MnO4-

cyanate

OCN-

-ate

normal, memorize

-ide

for monatomic ions

-ite

remove 1 O, keep hcarge same

hypo—ite

remove 2 oxygen, charge same

per-ate

add 1 oxygen, charge same

Bi, Monohydrogen or Hydrogen

add H, charge up 1

Dihydrogen

2 hydrogens, +2 charge

thio

replace O w S, charge same

acid nomenclature: -ate

-ic acid

acid nomenclature: -ide

Hydro-ic acid

acid nomenclature: -ite

-ous acid

for acids, how many Hs do you add?

as many to remove charges

ionic nomenclature

cation + anion

what elements do not have roman numerals

gold, silver, titanium, gallium, zinc, aluminum,

binary molecular (4)

prefix for first (not if mono)

drop o or a of ending if element starts with vowel

prefex of second

ide

1

mono

2

di

3

tri

4

tetra

5

penta

6

hexa

7

hepta

8

octa

9

nona

10

deca

SF for addition/subtraction

to the least significant place value

SF multiplication and division

to the least sig fig, total

SF for logs

sig figs apply to mantissa only (after logs)

sig figs for analog measurements

add 1 guess digit

buret sig figs

opposite measurement (top down)

uncertanity for digital device

+- smallest increment of smallest place value

uncertanity for analog device

half of smallest division (smallest place value)

uncertanitiy adding/subtracting

add measured uncertanities

uncertanity with multiplication/division

add percent uncertanities (measured/whole times 100%)
to go back to normal uncertanity (percent uncertanity times measured value, total sig figs)

molar volume of a gas

22.4 L / mol

Molarity

Moles/ Liters

Avogadro’s Number

number of particles in mole, 6.022 × 10²³

SNAP Ions will always dissociate

sodium, nitrate, ammonium, potassium