APUSH Unit Test Chapters 24 + 25 Key People

Benito Mussolini (p. 768)

Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy.

Adolf Hitler (p. 768)

Austrian-born founder of the German Nazi Party and chancellor of the Third Reich (1933-1945). His fascist philosophy, embodied in Mein Kampf (1925-1927), attracted widespread support, and after 1934 he ruled as an absolute dictator.

Hideki Tojo (p. 773)

This general was prime minister of Japan during World War II while this man was dictator of the country. He gave his approval for the attack on Pearl Harbor and played a major role in Japan's military decisions until he resigned in 1944.

Charles A. Lindbergh (p. 769)

United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean.

Winston Churchill (p. 772)

He was the prime minister of England during World War II. He was known as the bull-dog jawed orator who gave his people the nerve to fight off the air bombings occurring in their cities. He was in favor of the Eight-point Atlantic Charter and he was involved in the first conference.

Harry S. Truman (p. 781)

thirty-third president of the United States; he became president upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. He led the U.S. through the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War.

Gordon Hirabayashi (p. 788)

Japanese fellow who refused to sign statement consenting to be interned; arrested then finally released because he had been illegally imprisoned. Dwight D Eisenhower.

Dwight D. Eisenhower (p. 790)

Former U.S General who led the Allied forces in D-Day during WWII who was the Republican candidate for president in the election of 1952 with the slogan "I like Ike". He won over Adlai Stevenson, the Democratic candidate.

Joseph Stalin (p. 806)

Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition.

George F. Kennan (p. 808)

American diplomat who authored the "containment doctrine" in 1947, arguing that the Soviet Union was inherently expansionist and had to be stopped, via political and military force, from spreading throughout the world.

Joseph McCarthy (p. 821)

A Republican Wisconsin senator who went "red-hunting" for communists in what came to be known as McCarthyism in the 1950s. He was able to use his governmental position in order to accuse other government officials and citizens of communism.

Nikita Khrushchev (p. 826)

Premier of the Soviet Union from 1958-1964, he was a communist party official who emerged from the power struggle after Stalin's death in 1953 to lead the USSR. He crushed a pro-Western uprising of Hungary in 1956, and, in 1958, issued an ultimatum for Western evacuation of Berlin.

John F. Kennedy (p. 829)

He was the youngest, most glamorous, and first Catholic president ever elected. He won the 1960 presidential election against Nixon. During his presidency, he sent the Green Beret (Marines) to Vietnam and he helped develop the Peace Corps.

Fidel Castro (p. 830)

Cuban revolutionary who overthrew Batista dictatorship in 1958 and assumed control of the island country. His connections with the Soviet Union led to a cessation of diplomatic relations with the United States in such international affairs as the Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Ho Chi Minh (p. 833)

Nationalist leader in Vietnam. He organized the Vietnamese against Japan and later France. He became the leader of North Vietnam and organized the Vietnamese Communist Party. Vietcong – This is the name given to the Communist guerrilla force in North Vietnam.