1/34
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
Norms
Unwritten guidelines and expectations for how each of us should act in any given situation
Normative
Going along with others in pursuit of social approval or belonging
Informative
Going along with others because their ideas and behaviors make sense, the evidence in our social environment changes our minds
Elaboration likelihood model
People can vary in the extent to which they are willing/able to scrutinize an argument or position
Central route persuasion
Occurs when interested oriole focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
Peripheral route persuasion
Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as the speakerâs attractiveness.
Halo effect
Tendency to make a decision based on a single trait or attribute
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
The tendency for people to comply to a smaller request after rejecting an initially larger request
Conformity
Adjusting our behavior or thinking to fit in with a group standard
Automatic Mimicry
Behavior is contagious. Chameleon effect
Social Norms
A social script is a culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations
When are people more likely to conform
When someone is made to feel incompetent, in a group of 3+ people, in a group where everyone else agrees, admire the people in a group, know that others will witness our behavior, or are from a culture that values conformity
Obedience
Yielding to real or imagined pressure from another
Individualist
Whatâs âbestâ for you
Collectivist
Whatâs âbestâ for everyone
Multiculturalism
A perspective that emphasizes the value and importance of diverse cultures coexisting and interacting within a society. It encourages understanding and respecting cultural differences rather than enforcing assimilation
Diffusion of Responsibility
There are times when the presence of others challenges our normal behavior, especially when it involves helping or hurting others. Many in this situation find themselves blameless, believing that the fact that others were present gives them an excuse
The bystander effect
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
Deinvidivuation
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group that foster arousal and anonymity
Social Loafing
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts towards a common goal than if they were individually accountable
Social Faciitation
Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
Social Impairment
Reduced performance on difficult or unpracticed tasks in the presence of others
False Consensus Effect
A cognitive bias where individuals overestimate the extent to which their beliefs, opinions, or behaviors are shared by others
Superordinate Goal
A shared goal that overrides differences among people and requires their cooperation
A Social Trap
A situation in which a person or group of people actively work to attain a short-term goal, which will ultimately have long-term consequences for the larger population
Group Polarization
A phenomenon wherein the decisions and opinions of people in a group setting become more extreme than their actual, privately held beliefs after discussion within a group.
Groupthink
The mode of reasoning that occurs when the desire for harmony in the decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
Industrial-Organizational (IO) psychologists
Focus on workplace dynamics, providing employers and leaders with insight on how to get the most out of their employees, promote a positive workplace environment, increase job satisfaction, and bring together effective teams.
Altruism
An unselfish regard for the welfare of others, or engaging in acts of kindness without expecting anything in return.
Social Exchange Theory
States that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs
The Social Reciprocity Norm
States that an expectation that people will help those that have helped them
Social Responsibility Norm
An expectation that people will help those in need of help
When are people least likely to help?
The person doesnât appear to be in need, the person is not similar to us, the person is male, we donât see others being helpful, we are in a hurry, or we are in a bad mood