Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders Review

Flashcards covering the diagnostic process, characteristics, impact on occupational performance, and occupational therapy evaluation/intervention approaches for Conduct Disorders and Disruptive, Impulse-Control Conditions.

Etiology of Disruptive Disorders

Factors contributing to their development include genetics, parenting, environment, lack of early intervention for childhood problems, and low responsivity in the amygdala.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

A pattern of defiance lasting at least 6 months, evidenced by at least 4 symptoms from angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness, exhibited during interaction with a non-sibling, usually observed in preadolescence.

Conduct Disorder

Longstanding behavior that violates the rights of others and social norms with little remorse, causing clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning, with symptoms in categories like aggression, destruction of property, deceitfulness/theft, or serious rule violations (starts before 13 y/o).

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Recurrent behavioral outbursts representing a failure to control aggressive impulses, manifested by verbal aggression or physical aggression towards property, animals, or others, occurring 2x weekly for 3 months or 3 outbursts with property damage/physical injury within 12 months.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A personality disorder diagnosed in individuals 18 y/o and older with a history of Conduct Disorder symptoms before age 15, characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, including deceitfulness, irritability/aggressiveness, reckless disregard for safety, and lack of remorse.

Pyromania

An impulse-control disorder involving deliberate and purposeful fire setting on more than one occasion, associated with preoccupation with fire, other impulsive behaviors (e.g., alcohol/marijuana use disorders), and histories of trauma.

Kleptomania

An impulse disorder associated with tension or anxiety that is relieved by stealing, where stolen objects are not needed for personal use or monetary value, and is not a response to delusion, hallucination, or anger.

Medications for Disruptive Disorders

Intended to help control problematic behaviors and enable better participation in therapies and daily activities, but complex due to conflicting administration guidelines and potential side effects.

Impact on Occupational Performance (Disruptive Disorders)

Greatly impacts self-management/regulation strategies, leading to difficulties in following protocols, societal rules (potentially resulting in legal issues/incarceration), focusing, identifying daily needs, prioritizing self-care, sleep, hygiene, IADLs, and health management.

Role of OT in Evaluation (Disruptive Disorders)

Assessing the impact of cognitive, sensory processing, and emotional regulation concerns on problematic behaviors in settings such as schools, transition programs, community programs, behavioral health facilities, and community re-integration programs.

Anger Management (OT Intervention)

Occupational therapy intervention focusing on developing alternative methods for managing emotions.

Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP)

An occupational therapy intervention that teaches a 4-step strategy (Goal, Plan, Do, Check) to help with problem-solving for occupational goals.

Sensory Processing and Modulation (OT Intervention)

Occupational therapy intervention focused on creating environments or materials that meet an individual's sensory needs.

Zones of Regulation and Alert Program (OT Intervention)

Occupational therapy programs designed to develop self-regulation strategies for managing emotional states.

Sensory Rooms (OT Intervention)

Providing sensory input that is calming to enhance emotional well-being.

Mindfulness (OT Intervention)

Enhancing emotional well-being by focusing awareness non-judgmentally on the present.

Re-entry Programs (OT Intervention)

Skill training for independent living and coping skills to promote successful reintegration into the community, often for those released from prison.

Whole School Mental Health Promotion (OT Intervention)

Creating environments in school for all children to promote interaction and support their well-being.