Voluntariness - used with automatism, intoxication and insanity.

Bratty v AG for NI [1963] AC 386

Voluntariness

Facts: D claimed automatism due to epileptic seizure when committing murder.

Judgment: Rejected.

Key Rule: Involuntary acts due to automatism may be a defence if medically verified.

Coley [2013] EWCA Crim 223

Voluntariness

Facts: D claimed automatism from voluntary intoxication during attack.

Judgment: Conviction upheld.

Key Rule: Self-induced intoxication excludes automatism defence.

Bratty v AG for NI [1963] AC 386

Voluntariness

Facts: D claimed automatism due to epileptic seizure when committing murder.

Judgment: Rejected.

Key Rule: Involuntary acts due to automatism may be a defence if medically verified.

Coley [2013] EWCA Crim 223

Voluntariness

Facts: D claimed automatism from voluntary intoxication during attack.

Judgment: Conviction upheld.

Key Rule: Self-induced intoxication excludes automatism defence.

Robinson-Pierre [2013] EWCA Crim 2396

Voluntariness

Facts: D convicted of owning a dangerously out-of-control dog during police raid.

Judgment: Conviction quashed.

Key Rule: Act must be voluntary for criminal liability to arise.

Larsonneur (1933)

Voluntariness

Facts: D deported to UK involuntarily and charged with being an illegal alien.

Judgment: Conviction upheld.

Key Rule: Voluntariness not required for status offences.

Winzar v CC Kent (1983)

Voluntariness

Facts: Police carried drunk D onto highway and charged him with being drunk on the highway.

Judgment: Conviction upheld.

Key Rule: Court upheld conviction despite involuntary presence.

AGs Ref (No 2 of 1992) [1993]

Voluntariness

Facts: Lorry driver in driving without awareness state killed pedestrians.

Judgment: Conviction upheld.

Key Rule: Impaired awareness not equivalent to automatism if physical control is retained.