p1 - 8.1.1 social and ethical issues

evolution of software applicants + intellectual property

what is command line interface? (Evolution of software applications)

what is command line interface? (Evolution of software applications)

text based access to the operating system of the computer

user presented with a prompt and must know many commands

what is graphical user interface? (GUI) (Evolution of software applications)

1970s, team at ZEROX created GUI - allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and audio indicator

what are search engines? (Evolution of software applications)

allows users to access the internet - CLI based searches, Google, Duck Duck Go

what is VisiCalc? (Evolution of software applications)

the first spreedsheet, released for the Apple II computer

what is a web browser? (Evolution of software applications)

allows users to view web pages on a number of different devices from desktop computers, to smartphones, and even fridges

what is presentation software? (Evolution of software applications)

an important tool for business

eg. Powerpoint, Slides, Prezi, mmhmm

what are emails? (Evolution of software applications)

has allowed people all over the world to send messages instantly

what is intellectual property?

a work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a manuscript or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

All property is protected by law

what is copyright? (Intellectual property)

legal right to produce/reproduce a form of work

what is included with copyright for software? (Intellectual property)

all products covered without needing to be registered, however, selling or changing the owner of copyrights require WRITTEN contracts

what do software licences do? (Intellectual property)

protects developers from legal action IF products result in hardship/financial loss

what is a licence? (Intellectual property)

formal permission to use a product

normally non-exclusive meaning they can be licenced to multiple users

what is an agreement? (Intellectual property)

mutual contract between parties

eg. clicking OK to a TNC, installing pre-packaged software

what is a term? (Intellectual property)

period of time the agreement is active

usually commences immediately after accepting TNCs

what is a warranty? (Intellectual property)

a guarantee/assurance

what is a limited warranty? (Intellectual property)

'as is' bugs or product not fitting the needs is not covered in warranties

what does limited use mean? (Intellectual property)

software licences dont give unrestricted use of product

1. one license per machine

2. no copying unless archival/back-up

3. no modifications

what is a liability? (Intellectual property)

debt as a consequence of some event

replacing the product or refunding purchase price

what is a program? (Intellectual property)

refers to the computer program

executable files and included data files

what is a back-up copy? (Intellectual property)

copy of software for archival purposes

what is reverse engineering? (Intellectual property)

analysing an existing system to identify its components and their interrelationships to allow the creation of a similar system

decompiling a product

what are derivative works? (Intellectual property)

new original product that includes aspects of a pre-existing, already copyrighted work

eg. computer program that modifies source code

what does open source mean? (Intellectual property)

1. removes any traditional copyrights

2. collaboratively developed

3. available to modify and distribute

what is a commercial license? (Intellectual property)

legal permission granted by the owner of intellectual property for a fee or royalty

allowing others to:

1. use

2. distribute

copyrighted works, trademarks, or patents in exchange for a fee or royalty

how does a commercial license benefit the licensee (Intellectual property)

profit from the intellectual property while users respect the rights of the original creator

what is a shareware? (Intellectual property)

freely distributed, shared and used but payment is required for full functionality/unlimited use

what is a freeware? (Intellectual property)

no paid licences, restrictions, copyright

CAN BE SHARED TO UNLIMITED NUMBER OF PEOPLE

what is a public domain? (Intellectual property)

anyone can access and change it as they like without any restrictions

NOT PROTECTED BY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS

what is an open source licence? (Intellectual property)

allows users to

1. access

2. modify

3. distribute software freely

It encourages collaboration and innovation within the software community

what is a site licence? (Intellectual property)

allows the use of intellectual property on multiple devices within a specific location or organisation

why is a site license effective in companies? (Intellectual property)

eliminates the need for individual licenses for each computer and allows for simultaneous use by multiple users

what is a creative commons licence? (Intellectual property)

allows creators to share their work with others while specifying the permissions and restrictions.