DNA structure and function
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14 Terms
What does DNA stand for?
: Deoxyribonucleic acid.
: What is the function of DNA?
It stores genetic information.
Where is DNA found in the cell?
In the nucleus (eukaryotic cells).
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix (twisted ladder).
What are the sides of the DNA ladder made of?
Sugar and phosphate.
What are the rungs of the DNA ladder made of?
Nitrogen bases.
What are the four DNA bases?
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G).
Which bases pair together?
: A pairs with T, and C pairs with G.
What is a nucleotide?
The basic unit of DNA.
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base.
Helicase
Unwinds and unzips the DNA strands.
DNA Polymerase
: Adds new nucleotides to build the new DNA strand and checks for mistakes.
Primase
: Adds a starting point so DNA polymerase can begin.
Ligase
: Connects the DNA pieces on the lagging strand.
Note 
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